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Transcript for NASASciFiles - The Case of the Wright Invention
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PSST.
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GUYS, COME HERE.
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YOU'RE BEHIND THE SCENES ON THE SET
OF DISNEY CHANNEL'S EVEN STEVENS.
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MY NAME IS MARGO HARSHMAN.
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I PLAY TAWNY DEAN, AND
LET ME TELL YOU GUYS,
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I JUST LOVE MATH AND SCIENCE.
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I ESPECIALLY LOVE
SOLVING PROBLEMS--
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EVERYBODY ELSE'S PROBLEMS.
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YOU GUYS CAN'T MISS THIS
EPISODE OF THE NASA WHY?
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FILES.
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IT'S A SHOW ABOUT
REAL-LIFE INVENTORS WHO LOOK
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AT PROBLEM SOLVING
IN A WHOLE NEW WAY.
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SO WHY DON'T YOU GO JOIN THE
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES AND SEE
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IF YOU CAN HELP THEM WITH
THEIR WACKY INVENTION.
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HEY, YOU.
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HEY, ME?
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YEAH, YOU.
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COME SEE OUR CLUBHOUSE IN A TREE.
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WE ARE KIDS ON A MISSION TO EDUCATE
OURSELVES ABOUT THE NASA VISION.
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COME EXPLORE MATH AND SCIENCE
'CAUSE THAT'S WHAT MAKES
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OUR ALLIANCE.
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WE ARE THE WHY?
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FILES CLUB.
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WE YEARN TO LEARN AND WANT TO
SEE EVERYTHING THAT WE CAN BE.
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SO COME JOIN US ON OUR JOURNEY.
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DON'T YOU TOUCH THAT DIAL,
AND WELCOME TO THE NASA WHY?
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FILES.
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IN THIS EPISODE OF THE CASE OF THE
WRIGHT INVENTION, YOU'LL BE ASKED
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TO ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
WHO WERE ORVILLE AND WILBUR WRIGHT?
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HOW IS THE INVENTION PROCESS
SIMILAR TO THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
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AND HOW DO THE TREE HOUSE
DETECTIVES USE THE PROBLEM BOARD
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FOR THE INVENTION PROCESS?
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WHEN YOU SEE THIS ICON, IT'S A
CLUE THAT THE ANSWER IS NEAR.
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NOW PAY ATTENTION AS THE TREE
HOUSE DETECTIVES UNCOVER THE CASE
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OF THE WRIGHT INVENTION.
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I'M BORED.
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WE NEED SOMETHING FUN TO DO.
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WE NEED AN ADVENTURE.
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DID I TELL YOU?
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I'M GOING TO BUILD
A KITE AND ENTER IT
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IN THE U.S. AIR FORCE'S
MUSEUM ANNUAL KITE FESTIVAL
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IN DAYTON, OHIO.
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NO WAY.
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THAT IS SO COOL.
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WHAT KIND?
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I DON'T KNOW YET.
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I BROUGHT THIS COOL BOOK;
IT HAS ALL KINDS OF TRIVIA.
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DID YOU KNOW THAT PEOPLE IN
CHINA HAVE BEEN FLYING KITES
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FOR OVER 3,000 YEARS?
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YOU GUYS WON'T BELIEVE WHAT
HAPPENED TO ME YESTERDAY.
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I STILL CAN'T BELIEVE IT.
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I WAS RIDING HOME FROM THE TREE
HOUSE AS IT WAS GETTING DARK,
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AND A CAR ALMOST HIT ME.
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ARE YOU ALL RIGHT?
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UH-HUH, BUT IT SCARED ME.
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I WISH BIKES WERE
EASIER TO SEE AT NIGHT.
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THAT HAPPENED TO ME ONCE.
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MAYBE WE COULD FIND SOMETHING
ON BIKE SAFETY ON THE INTERNET.
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THAT'S A GOOD IDEA.
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AND IN SCIENCE NEWS,
TODAY MARKS THE FIRST DAY
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OF THE ANNUAL INVENTION
INNOVATION CONVENTION.
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OUR REPORTER I.M. LISSNING IS
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DOWN IN THE THOMAS EDISON
CENTER WITH THIS REPORT.
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THANKS, TED.
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KIDS FROM ACROSS THE
COUNTRY ARE GATHERING HERE
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TO SHOWCASE THEIR LATEST
AND GREATEST INVENTIONS,
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EACH ONE HOPING TO WIN THE
COVETED KID GENIUS AWARD.
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KIDS' SCIENCE NEWS NETWORK
WILL BE BRINGING YOU LIVE,
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UP-TO-THE-MINUTE COVERAGE
OF THIS HISTORIC EVENT.
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BACK TO YOU, TED.
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I WISH SOMEONE WOULD
INVENT A DEVICE
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THAT HOLDS SCALDING-HOT COFFEE.
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OW!
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AHH.
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WHAT AN AMAZING INVENTION.
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THIS IS TED TOON SAYING
GOOD NIGHT FROM KSNN.
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NOW YOU'RE TALKING.
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YEAH, WE CAN DO THIS.
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WE SHOULD HAVE ENTERED THE
CONTEST, 'CAUSE I BET WE COULD WIN.
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WE'RE THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES.
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I KNOW WE COULD WIN THIS
CONTEST WITH OUR-- INVENTION.
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WE WON THE EXTRA-ORDINARY
CONTEST LAST YEAR, DIDN'T WE?
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LADIES AND GENTLEMEN, ON BEHALF
OF THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES,
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I AM HONORED TO ACCEPT THIS AWARD.
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BUT WHAT SHOULD WE INVENT?
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YEAH, COME ON.
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WE CAN DO THIS.
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WE JUST HAVE TO PUT
OUR MINDS TO IT.
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WE ALWAYS START AT THE BEGINNING.
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YEAH, ASK QUESTIONS LIKE
"WHAT DO INVENTORS DO?"
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WHAT'S AN INVENTOR?
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HERE WE GO-- THE WRIGHT BROTHERS.
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THEY WERE REALLY BIG INVENTORS.
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THIS IS THE STORY ABOUT HOW
THEY INVENTED THE "AEREOPLANE."
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OH, I GET IT.
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THE AIRPLANE.
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WHEN YOU DRIVE A WAGON,
YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY
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ABOUT IT TIPPING OVER, DO YOU?
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WELL, THAT DEPENDS UPON
THE SMOOTHNESS OF THE ROAD.
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ORVILLE, PAY ATTENTION.
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NO.
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YOU STEER A WAGON TO MAKE IT
GO WHERE YOU WANT IT TO GO,
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BUT YOU DON'T HAVE TO WORRY
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ABOUT IT TIPPING OVER,
BECAUSE IT'S STABLE.
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HOWEVER, A BICYCLE IS
COMPLETELY DIFFERENT.
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WHEN YOU'RE RIDING A BICYCLE,
YOU HAVE TO STEER, LIKE A WAGON,
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BUT YOU MUST ALSO CONSTANTLY SHIFT
YOUR WEIGHT FROM SIDE TO SIDE
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AS YOU RIDE TO PREVENT THE
BICYCLE FROM FALLING OVER,
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BECAUSE IT'S AN UNSTABLE VEHICLE.
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WHAT ARE YOU GETTING AT, WILBUR?
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WELL, INSTEAD OF STABILITY WE
SHOULD CONCENTRATE ON THE ABILITY
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TO CONTROL AN AEROPLANE.
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IT SHOULD BE AN UNSTABLE VEHICLE.
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YOU SHOULD HAVE TO BALANCE
AN AEROPLANE IN THE AIR.
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MUCH LIKE YOU HAVE TO
BALANCE ON A BICYCLE.
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ISN'T THAT WHAT BIRDS DO?
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BALANCE IN THE AIR!
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YES.
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THE PROBLEM OF BALANCE IS
THE PROBLEM OF FLIGHT ITSELF.
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WE CAN CONTROL THE PITCH
AND YAW OF AN AEROPLANE,
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BUT NO ONE'S BEEN ABLE TO CONTROL
THE ROLLING FROM SIDE TO SIDE.
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ORVILLE, I BELIEVE WE CAN.
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IT'S ONLY A QUESTION
OF KNOWLEDGE AND SKILL,
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AS IN ALL ACROBATIC FEATS.
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IT MAY NOT BE AS EASY AS
LEARNING TO RIDE A BICYCLE,
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BUT THIS IS A PROBLEM
WE CAN SOLVE, YOU AND I.
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WELL, WILBUR, WHAT
ARE WE WAITING FOR?
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WE'VE GOT WORK TO DO.
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THAT WAS REALLY STRANGE.
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IT WAS LIKE I WAS REALLY THERE,
TALKING TO THE WRIGHT BROTHERS.
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MAYBE THIS IS A CLUE.
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THE WRIGHT BROTHERS
MUST HAVE REALIZED
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THAT THEY COULD SOLVE THE PROBLEM
OF FLIGHT, AS THEY CALLED IT,
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ONCE THEY UNDERSTOOD
THE BASIC PROBLEM.
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YOU KNOW WHAT?
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LET'S TALK TO DR. "D."
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YEAH, HE'LL KNOW WHERE
WE SHOULD START.
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LIKE ORVILLE SAID, WHAT
ARE WE WAITING FOR?
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WE'VE GOT WORK TO DO.
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LET'S GO.
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I'LL DOWNLOAD A GET-UP-AND-GO
FORM FROM THE NASA WHY?
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FILES WEBSITE.
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HI, DR. "D."
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OH, HI, KIDS.
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WHAT'S UP?
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WE WANT TO BECOME GREAT INVENTORS,
BUT WE DON'T KNOW WHERE TO START.
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CAN YOU HELP US?
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HOW DO YOU GET AN
IDEA FOR AN INVENTION?
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HOLD ON, AND TAKE THIS
ONE STEP AT A TIME.
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THE FIRST THING YOU HAVE
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TO UNDERSTAND IS THE
INVENTION PROCESS.
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IS THAT ANYTHING LIKE
THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
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VERY SIMILAR.
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SCIENTIFIC METHOD YOU
START BY IDENTIFYING
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OR RECOGNIZING A PROBLEM.
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IN THE INVENTION PROCESS, YOU BEGIN
BY IDENTIFYING A NEED OR WANT.
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A LIST OF THINGS THAT ANNOY OR
FRUSTRATE YOU IS A STARTING POINT.
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YOU MIGHT CALL THIS A BUG LIST.
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I KNOW LOTS OF THINGS
BUG ME, LIKE MY SISTER.
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AN EXAMPLE: YOU'RE BUGGED
'CAUSE YOU'RE ALWAYS LOSING YOUR
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PORTABLE CD PLAYER.
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THE NEXT STEP IN THE
INVENTION PROCESS IS TO THINK
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OF SOLUTIONS TO THE NEED OR WANT.
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THAT SOUNDS A LOT LIKE THE SECOND
STEP IN THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD.
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AN IDEA WOULD BE TO PAINT
THE CD PLAYER A BRIGHT COLOR
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SO THAT YOU COULD SEE IT EASILY.
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THE IDEA TO HAVE IT BEEP
WHEN YOU CLAP YOUR HANDS.
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YOU'RE REALLY GETTING
INTO THIS NOW.
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ONCE AN INVENTOR HAS THE
LIST OF POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS,
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THE NEXT STEP IS TO EVALUATE EACH
ONE TO DECIDE WHICH ONE TO DEVELOP.
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MAYBE WE COULD CHOOSE
THE CHEAPEST ONE.
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OR MAYBE WE COULD CHOOSE THE ONE
THAT WE CAN MAKE BY OURSELVES.
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ONCE YOU HAVE STANDARDS OR
CRITERIA TO HELP US TO BE ABLE
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TO JUDGE AMONGST THE
POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS,
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YOU CAN THEN DO RESEARCH
TO NARROW IT DOWN.
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THE NEXT STEP IS TO MAKE
A MODEL AND TEST IT.
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LIKE TESTING THE HYPOTHESIS.
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THAT'S RIGHT.
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SO IF WE USE THE BRIGHT COLOR,
WE HAVE TO TEST IT TO FIND
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OUT WHICH COLOR WORKED BEST.
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I'LL BET INVENTORS ALTER
AND IMPROVE THEIR MODELS
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AS THEY TEST IT, JUST LIKE WE
HAVE TO MODIFY OUR HYPOTHESIS
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IF IT DOESN'T MATCH THE DATA.
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YOU GUYS ARE REALLY
GETTING GOOD AT THIS.
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BE SURE YOU KEEP AN ACCURATE
RECORD OF YOUR ENTIRE PROCESS.
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IT'S REALLY IMPORTANT.
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IT'S LIKE KEEPING
A SCIENCE JOURNAL.
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WELL, I SAW A DESIGN
LOG ON THE NASA WHY?
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FILES WEBSITE.
[00:08:05.564]
IT SHOULD HELP US KEEP TRACK
OF OUR IDEAS AND PROGRESS.
[00:08:08.194]
I'M SURE WE'LL FIND
PLENTY OF COOL IDEAS TO PUT
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ON OUR BUG LIST OR OUR NEEDY LIST.
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WAIT A MINUTE.
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THERE'S SOMETHING
THAT I REALLY NEED.
[00:08:16.834]
I'M TRYING TO FIND
A REALLY GREAT WAY
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TO SHOW THE SCIENTIFIC
PRINCIPLE OF INERTIA.
[00:08:21.144]
ISN'T INERTIA SOMETHING ABOUT
OBJECTS AT REST STAYING AT REST?
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YES, THAT'S PRETTY GOOD.
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IT ALSO EXPLAINS THAT
OBJECTS IN MOTION REMAIN
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IN MOTION UNLESS A
FORCE ACTS UPON THEM.
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I'VE ALWAYS USED A BOWLING BALL
TO EXPLAIN STAYING IN MOTION.
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I WANT TO FIND A MORE EXCITING WAY.
[00:08:35.734]
HOW CAN WE HELP?
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THINK OF SOME POSSIBILITIES,
AND WE'LL TALK ABOUT IT LATER.
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HEY, I'VE GOT AN IDEA FOR YOU.
[00:08:40.884]
WHY DON'T YOU CHECK OUT THE
NATIONAL GALLERY OF YOUNG INVENTORS
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AND SEE WHO WAS INDUCTED IN
THE HALL OF FAME THIS YEAR?
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LET'S USE YOUR COMPUTER, DR. "D."
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GO RIGHT AHEAD.
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I READ ABOUT SOMEONE NAMED LINDSEY
CLEMENT FROM LONGVIEW, TEXAS.
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SHE'S BEING INDUCTED
INTO THE NATIONAL GALLERY
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OF YOUNG INVENTORS.
[00:08:56.674]
LET'S CONTACT HER AND ASK
HER ABOUT HER INVENTION.
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HI, YOU MUST BE LINDSEY CLEMENT,
WE ARE THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES
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AND WE WANTED TO ASK YOU
ABOUT YOUR INVENTION.
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SURE.
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EXACTLY WHAT DOES
YOUR INVENTION DO?
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THIS IS A GUMBALL MACHINE.
[00:09:12.114]
IT HELPS PICK UP SWEET
GUM BALLS IN MY BACKYARD.
[00:09:15.004]
HOW DOES IT WORK?
[00:09:16.914]
AS YOU PUSH THE MACHINE FORWARD,
THESE MESH WHEELS GRAB THE GUMBALLS
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AND CARRY THEM AROUND TO THE FRONT,
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WHERE THEY ARE COLLECTED
IN THIS BASKET.
[00:09:24.404]
HOW DID YOU COME UP WITH
THE IDEA FOR YOUR INVENTION?
[00:09:27.364]
WELL, I WAS AT THE
DRIVING RANGE WITH MY DAD,
[00:09:29.594]
AND I SAW THE GOLF BALL COLLECTOR
CART PICKING UP THE GOLF BALLS,
[00:09:33.184]
AND I FIGURED IF IT
WORKED FOR GOLF BALLS,
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WHY COULDN'T IT WORK FOR GUMBALLS?
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THAT'S COOL.
[00:09:38.304]
WHAT DID YOU DO FIRST?
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FIRST I STARTED DRAWING TO
SEE WHAT IT MIGHT LOOK LIKE,
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AND THEN I STARTED BUILDING.
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WHAT WAS THE MOST DIFFICULT PART?
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PROBABLY FINDING SOMETHING
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THAT WOULD ACTUALLY
PICK UP THE GUMBALLS.
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I EXPERIMENTED WITH LOTS
OF DIFFERENT MATERIALS
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UNTIL I FINALLY CAME
UP WITH WIRE MESH.
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THAT'S GREAT.
[00:09:56.684]
WE'RE TRYING TO MAKE
OUR OWN INVENTION.
[00:09:58.414]
DO YOU HAVE ANY ADVICE?
[00:09:59.574]
IF YOU HAVE ANYTHING THAT YOU
THINK MIGHT SOLVE A PROBLEM
[00:10:02.764]
OR HELP FIX SOMETHING,
STICK WITH IT.
[00:10:04.724]
BE WILLING TO TRY NEW
THINGS IF THEY DON'T WORK.
[00:10:08.224]
AND DESIGN AND TEST YOUR IDEAS.
[00:10:10.154]
YOU REALLY HAVE NOTHING TO LOSE.
[00:10:11.484]
ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU
END UP BEING INDUCTED
[00:10:14.404]
INTO THE NATIONAL GALLERY
OF YOUNG INVENTORS.
[00:10:16.494]
MAYBE WE'LL BE THERE ONE DAY.
[00:10:18.914]
WHAT AN HONOR.
[00:10:19.924]
CONGRATULATIONS.
[00:10:21.694]
I WONDER IF THE WRIGHT
BROTHERS HAD A BUG LIST.
[00:10:23.834]
MY BUG-- OR NEED-- LIST IS LONG.
[00:10:26.484]
NOT AS LONG AS MINE.
[00:10:31.464]
AHH!
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YOU'RE CRAZY.
[00:10:34.044]
YOU'RE NOT AFRAID OF BUGS.
[00:10:43.044]
[00:10:47.664]
THIS IS REALLY WEIRD.
[00:10:51.394]
HAVE YOU EVER SEEN
ANYTHING LIKE THIS?
[00:10:53.624]
THIS PLACE MAKES ME FEEL
LIKE I'VE GONE BACK IN TIME.
[00:10:58.344]
OKAY, IS THIS REALLY HAPPENING?
[00:11:00.344]
BOINK!
[00:11:00.814]
OW.
[00:11:02.384]
[00:11:04.034]
OKAY, I'LL BE BRAVE AND
WALK RIGHT UP TO HIM.
[00:11:09.144]
EXCUSE ME, SIR.
[00:11:10.054]
COULD YOU HELP ME?
[00:11:11.714]
THAT'S IT.
[00:11:12.654]
ORVILLE, ORVILLE, I'VE GOT IT.
[00:11:15.434]
EXCUSE ME.
[00:11:16.214]
I'VE GOT IT.
[00:11:16.554]
GOT IT.
[00:11:18.254]
I'VE FIGURED IT OUT.
[00:11:20.954]
LOOK, I'VE SOLVED
THE CONTROL PROBLEM.
[00:11:22.634]
IT'S RIGHT HERE.
[00:11:23.724]
WATCH.
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AS I SQUEEZE AND RELEASE,
THE WINGS ROTATE UP AND DOWN.
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HELLO?
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WHAT ARE YOU DOING?
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OH, EXCUSE ME.
[00:11:32.004]
I'M ORVILLE WRIGHT.
[00:11:32.574]
THIS IS MY BROTHER, WILBUR.
[00:11:34.304]
WILBUR MAY HAVE JUST
DISCOVERED THE ANSWER
[00:11:35.894]
TO THE BASIC PROBLEM
OF FLIGHT CONTROL.
[00:11:38.164]
HERE.
[00:11:39.024]
PRETEND THIS BOX IS AN EAGLE.
[00:11:40.274]
IF YOU TWIST THE BOX IN THE
MIDDLE, ONE WING ROTATES DOWN,
[00:11:43.834]
CAUSING THE AIR TO GO OVER
IT, MAKING IT GO DOWN.
[00:11:46.934]
THE OTHER WING ROTATES
UP, CAUSING THE AIR TO GO
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UNDER IT, MAKING IT GO UP.
[00:11:51.514]
WE'VE OBSERVED BIRDS DOING THIS,
AND WE THINK WE'VE DISCOVERED A WAY
[00:11:54.054]
TO DO THE SAME WITH AN AEROPLANE.
[00:11:56.734]
PLEASE EXCUSE US.
[00:11:57.974]
WE HAVE SO MUCH WORK TO DO.
[00:11:59.814]
I BET YOU DO.
[00:12:00.804]
MAY I TAKE A PICTURE
OF YOU BEFORE I GO?
[00:12:02.194]
OH.
[00:12:02.224]
WELL, OKAY.
[00:12:03.494]
GREAT.
[00:12:04.634]
[00:12:06.464]
THANKS A LOT.
[00:12:08.384]
CLICK!
[00:12:09.104]
THAT WAS AN INTERESTING IDEA.
[00:12:11.114]
WHERE'D YOU GET IT?
[00:12:12.614]
MY BROTHER.
[00:12:13.424]
GO FIGURE.
[00:12:14.554]
DR. "D."
[00:12:15.064]
WAS RIGHT.
[00:12:15.544]
IT TAKES LOTS OF WORK TO ALLOW
YOURSELF TO SEE THINGS IN NEW WAYS.
[00:12:19.704]
THE MOST UNBELIEVABLE
THING JUST HAPPENED.
[00:12:22.274]
LOOK AT THIS PICTURE I JUST TOOK.
[00:12:26.274]
YOU SAW ME TAKE THIS PICTURE
OF THE WRIGHT BROTHERS.
[00:12:29.254]
YOU TOOK THAT?
[00:12:30.644]
AMAZING!
[00:12:32.134]
THAT'S NOT REAL.
[00:12:33.734]
I KNEW YOU WOULDN'T BELIEVE
IT, BUT I WAS JUST TALKING
[00:12:36.094]
TO ORVILLE AND WILBUR WRIGHT.
[00:12:38.034]
HUH?
[00:12:38.844]
IMPOSSIBLE.
[00:12:40.184]
HOW COULD THEY STILL BE ALIVE?
[00:12:42.364]
WELL, I CAN'T EXPLAIN IT,
[00:12:44.524]
BUT IT WAS AS IF THEY WERE
JUST DISCOVERING THE CONCEPT
[00:12:47.164]
OF WING WARPING.
[00:12:48.094]
THEY'D ALREADY IDENTIFIED
THEIR PROBLEM,
[00:12:50.134]
AND IT WAS AS IF I WAS WATCHING
THEM TAKE THEIR FIRST STEP
[00:12:52.664]
TOWARD SOLVING IT.
[00:12:53.534]
MAYBE WE NEED TO TAKE
OUR FIRST STEP.
[00:12:55.734]
WE HAVEN'T IDENTIFIED
THE PROBLEM YET.
[00:12:58.354]
LET'S LOOK AT THE BUG BOARD.
[00:12:59.814]
SO MANY OF OUR IDEAS
ARE ABOUT BIKE SAFETY.
[00:13:02.684]
WHY DON'T WE WORK ON THAT?
[00:13:04.204]
I'LL GO TO THE PROBLEM BOARD.
[00:13:05.294]
I THINK WE SHOULD CONCENTRATE ON
MAKING THEM MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT.
[00:13:10.044]
WORKS FOR ME.
[00:13:11.124]
GOOD.
[00:13:11.414]
NOW WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?
[00:13:12.814]
I THINK WE NEED TO KNOW
MORE ABOUT BEING AN INVENTOR
[00:13:16.604]
AND THE HISTORY OF INVENTION.
[00:13:18.244]
HOW DO WE DO THAT?
[00:13:20.304]
NOT SURE, BUT MAYBE IT
WOULD HELP IF WE FOUND
[00:13:22.994]
OUT WHAT OTHER INVENTORS DO.
[00:13:24.154]
I'M TYPING IN THE
KEYWORD "INVENTION."
[00:13:26.774]
HERE'S A LIST OF SEARCH RESULTS.
[00:13:30.044]
[00:13:31.194]
THIS SITE SAYS THERE'S A
MUSEUM IN WASHINGTON, D.C.,
[00:13:34.894]
THE LEMELSON CENTER FOR THE STUDY
OF INVENTION AND INNOVATION.
[00:13:38.294]
IT'S PART OF THE NATIONAL
MUSEUM OF AMERICAN HISTORY.
[00:13:41.294]
IT SOUNDS LIKE ONE OF THE
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES NEEDS
[00:13:43.384]
TO GET UP AND GO.
[00:13:45.484]
SO WHAT'S UP?
[00:13:46.604]
HOW CAN THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES
MAKE THEIR BIKE MORE VISIBLE
[00:13:49.344]
AT NIGHT?
[00:13:50.404]
WHAT'S THE NEXT STEP IN
THE INVENTION PROCESS?
[00:13:53.094]
DO THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES HAVE
THE "WRIGHT" STUFF TO BE INVENTORS?
[00:13:56.734]
YOU'LL FIND OUT ON THE
NEXT SEGMENT OF THE CASE
[00:14:05.734]
[00:14:07.054]
OF THE WRIGHT INVENTION.
[00:14:11.814]
IN PART TWO OF THE CASE OF THE
WRIGHT INVENTION, YOU'LL FIND OUT,
[00:14:16.004]
WHAT IS BRAIN STORMING?
[00:14:19.394]
WHAT DO THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES
LEARN ABOUT EVALUATING IDEAS?
[00:14:24.094]
AND HOW DOES DR. HARRISON HELP
THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES?
[00:14:28.824]
[00:14:30.984]
HI.
[00:14:31.314]
ARE YOU MR. JUDD?
[00:14:32.634]
YES, I AM.
[00:14:33.204]
CAN I HELP YOU?
[00:14:33.824]
I'M BIANCA, ONE OF THE
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES.
[00:14:36.174]
TREE HOUSE WHAT?
[00:14:37.184]
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES.
[00:14:38.574]
WE'RE ENTERING AN
INVENTION CONTEST,
[00:14:40.134]
AND WE NEED TO LEARN
MORE ABOUT INVENTORS.
[00:14:41.844]
WELL, YOU'VE COME
TO THE RIGHT PLACE.
[00:14:44.024]
WHAT DO YOU DO HERE?
[00:14:45.344]
WELL, WE DO LOTS OF THINGS HERE.
[00:14:47.854]
BUT WE STUDY INVENTION, WE
DO PROGRAMS FOR YOUNG PEOPLE,
[00:14:52.014]
AND WE ALSO COLLECT
PAPERS FROM THE INVENTORS.
[00:14:55.764]
PAPERS LIKE THEIR JOURNALS THEY USE
TO KEEP NOTES ON THEIR INVENTIONS?
[00:14:59.334]
THAT'S RIGHT.
[00:15:00.374]
ARE THERE A LOT OF
FAMOUS INVENTORS?
[00:15:02.754]
WELL, THERE ARE, BUT THERE ARE
A LOT YOU MAY NOT HAVE HEARD
[00:15:04.924]
OF EITHER, PEOPLE
LIKE BEULAH HENRY.
[00:15:07.844]
SHE HAD SOME 48 PATENTS.
[00:15:10.194]
WHICH HAD ALL SORTS OF INVENTIONS,
LIKE PARASAILS AND TOYS,
[00:15:14.014]
AND EVEN AN ICE CREAM
FREEZER IN 1912.
[00:15:16.984]
I BET SHE HAD A BIG BUG LIST.
[00:15:19.684]
YOU MIGHT WANT TO READ
ABOUT STEPHANIE KWOLEK.
[00:15:22.904]
IS SHE A SCIENTIST?
[00:15:24.554]
YES, SHE WENT TO SCHOOL
TO STUDY CHEMISTRY,
[00:15:26.604]
AND THEN SHE INVENTED
A STUFF CALLED KEVLAR.
[00:15:28.984]
WHAT IS KEVLAR?
[00:15:30.454]
KEVLAR IS A SUPER-STRONG
FIBER THAT'S IN EVERYTHING
[00:15:33.644]
FROM BOATS TO AIRPLANES TODAY.
[00:15:35.424]
IN FACT, WE HAVE AN EXAMPLE HERE,
[00:15:37.544]
IN OUR GOLD RUSH BICYCLE,
OF THE KEVLAR.
[00:15:40.704]
CAN ANYONE BE AN INVENTOR?
[00:15:42.774]
YES, WE CAN ALL BE INVENTIVE,
[00:15:44.614]
BUT I THINK THERE WILL ONLY
BE ONE WRIGHT BROTHERS.
[00:15:47.484]
HOW DO YOU BECOME AN INVENTOR?
[00:15:48.884]
INVENTORS ARE CURIOUS ABOUT
THINGS, AND THEY ALSO TRY
[00:15:52.134]
TO IMPROVE INVENTIONS.
[00:15:53.624]
AND, YOU KNOW, SOME INVENTIONS
JUST HAPPEN BY ACCIDENT.
[00:15:55.974]
I'M SURE WHOEVER MADE THESE
BIKES HAD A LOT OF FUN.
[00:16:00.044]
YES, SOMETIMES PEOPLE
DO INVENT JUST FOR FUN.
[00:16:03.284]
IN FACT, WE'VE GOT A NEW
EXHIBITION, INVENTION AT PLAY,
[00:16:06.334]
WHICH WILL ENCOURAGE PEOPLE
[00:16:07.774]
TO DEVELOP THEIR OWN
CREATIVITY THROUGH PLAY.
[00:16:10.214]
MAYBE WE CAN COME BACK FOR THAT.
[00:16:12.074]
WE'RE HAVING TROUBLE
FIGURING OUT WHAT TO INVENT.
[00:16:14.544]
OUR PROBLEM IS HOW TO MAKE
BICYCLES SAFER AT NIGHT.
[00:16:17.754]
COMING UP WITH A SOLUTION
IS OFTEN THE HARDEST PART.
[00:16:20.724]
FREQUENTLY, YOU HAVE TO KEEP TRYING
DIFFERENT SOLUTIONS BEFORE YOU GET
[00:16:23.924]
ONE THAT WILL WORK.
[00:16:25.274]
WELL, I HADN'T THOUGHT OF THAT.
[00:16:27.164]
MAYBE IF I A LOOK AROUND AT SOME
[00:16:28.514]
OF THE GREAT INVENTIONS,
I'LL GET SOME IDEAS.
[00:16:31.244]
YES, TAKE A LOOK AT OUR BICYCLE
COLLECTION, AND ALSO TAKE A LOOK
[00:16:34.964]
AT OUR SOLAR-POWERED CAR.
[00:16:36.884]
DEFINITELY.
[00:16:37.304]
THANKS, MR. JUDD,
FOR ALL YOUR HELP.
[00:16:39.614]
YOU'RE WELCOME.
[00:16:40.454]
HELLO, TREE HOUSE INVENTORS.
[00:16:45.664]
WELL, WE'RE NOT INVENTORS YET.
[00:16:47.224]
WE KNOW OUR PROBLEM, MR. JUDD
AT THE LEMELSON CENTER SAID
[00:16:51.534]
THAT A PROBLEM CAN HAVE
MORE THAN ONE SOLUTION,
[00:16:54.264]
BUT WE'RE HAVING TROUBLE
FINDING AT LEAST ONE.
[00:16:57.204]
DO YOU HAVE ANY IDEAS?
[00:16:58.604]
I HAVE JUST THE THING FOR YOU.
[00:16:59.704]
IT'S CALLED BRAINSTORMING.
[00:17:01.314]
BUT I FORGOT TO BRING MY UMBRELLA.
[00:17:03.454]
VERY FUNNY.
[00:17:04.724]
BRAINSTORMING HELPS
YOU THINK CREATIVELY.
[00:17:06.494]
IS THAT WHERE A GROUP GETS
TOGETHER AND TOSS OUT IDEAS?
[00:17:09.234]
YES IT IS, BUT THERE ARE
CERTAIN RULES YOU HAVE TO FOLLOW:
[00:17:11.974]
SOMEONE HAS TO RECORD THE IDEAS,
EVERYONE NEEDS TO CONTRIBUTE IDEAS,
[00:17:15.434]
AND ALL IDEAS ARE ACCEPTED.
[00:17:16.754]
WHAT IF ONE OF THE IDEAS IS SILLY?
[00:17:20.114]
THAT'S ALL RIGHT, YOU'RE
ENCOURAGED TO GIVE WILD, SILLY,
[00:17:22.054]
OR EVEN WAY-OUT IDEAS IN
ADDITION TO THE PRACTICAL ONES.
[00:17:25.324]
I'LL BE GOOD AT BRAINSTORMING.
[00:17:27.454]
HOW DO WE START?
[00:17:28.714]
YOU HAVE YOUR PROBLEM: HOW TO
MAKE A BIKE MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT.
[00:17:31.624]
NOW, I PRINTED OFF A
BRAINSTORMING WEB FROM THE WHY?
[00:17:34.974]
FILES WEBSITE.
[00:17:35.914]
IT'S A TOOL FOR BRAINSTORMING.
[00:17:37.364]
THANKS, DR. "D."
[00:17:39.484]
WHY DON'T YOU PRACTICE BY
BRAINSTORMING MY PROBLEM
[00:17:41.334]
OF INERTIA-- OBJECTS IN
MOTION REMAIN IN MOTION?
[00:17:43.694]
SET A TIME LIMIT.
[00:17:44.954]
COME UP WITH AS MANY
SOLUTIONS AS YOU POSSIBLY CAN.
[00:17:47.994]
OKAY, LET'S SIT IN A CIRCLE.
[00:17:49.934]
I'LL PUT THE TIMER ON FIVE MINUTES.
[00:17:51.164]
I'VE GOT THE TIMER.
[00:17:58.824]
OKAY, I'LL BE THE RECORDER.
[00:18:00.074]
OKAY, LET'S GO.
[00:18:00.864]
I THINK IT SHOULD BE
SOMETHING ON WHEELS.
[00:18:03.024]
HOW ABOUT A CATAPULT THAT
FLINGS THINGS FAR IN THE AIR?
[00:18:06.434]
OR SMOKE RINGS.
[00:18:07.694]
THAT'D BE COOL.
[00:18:09.764]
HOW ABOUT A PAPER AIRPLANE?
[00:18:10.824]
I'D LIKE TO USE A WATERMELON.
[00:18:13.294]
THAT'S A SILLY IDEA.
[00:18:13.984]
REMEMBER, NOW, NO CRITICISM.
[00:18:16.324]
OKAY.
[00:18:17.644]
WHAT DO WE DO NOW?
[00:18:18.884]
ARE THERE ANY SOLUTIONS
THAT ARE SIMILAR
[00:18:20.384]
AND CAN BE GROUPED TOGETHER?
[00:18:21.584]
YEAH, LIKE CATAPULTING
A WATERMELON.
[00:18:23.924]
SEE, I TOLD YOU A
WATERMELON WASN'T A BAD IDEA--
[00:18:26.974]
IF YOU DON'T MIND A BIG MESS.
[00:18:28.304]
WELL, THANKS FOR ALL THE IDEAS.
[00:18:30.124]
I'LL LET YOU KNOW
WHAT I DECIDE TO DO.
[00:18:31.224]
REMEMBER, NEVER JUDGEANY
IDEAS DURING BRAINSTORMING,
[00:18:33.894]
ONLY AFTERWARDS, DURING
THE EVALUATION.
[00:18:36.514]
HOW DO YOU EVALUATE SOMETHING?
[00:18:38.034]
WHY DON'T YOU TALK TO MY
FRIEND DR. CATHERINE FAY
[00:18:40.694]
AT NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER?
[00:18:42.684]
THAT'S A GREAT IDEA.
[00:18:44.774]
THANKS, DR. "D."
[00:18:45.414]
HI, DR. FAY.
[00:18:48.154]
THIS LOOKS REALLY COOL.
[00:18:49.844]
HI, KIDS.
[00:18:50.274]
WELCOME TO THE LAB.
[00:18:51.064]
WHAT IS ALL THIS STUFF?
[00:18:52.694]
THESE ARE VARIOUS INVENTIONS THAT
LANGLEY RESEARCHERS HAVE DEVELOPED.
[00:18:57.274]
HERE IN HAMPTON, VIRGINIA.
[00:18:58.894]
ARE YOU AN INVENTOR?
[00:19:00.174]
YES, I'M AN INVENTOR.
[00:19:01.294]
MY JOB IS TO RESEARCH SOLUTIONS
TO PROBLEMS THAT NASA HAS
[00:19:04.564]
IN AERONAUTICS AND SPACE, AND SOME
[00:19:06.374]
OF THESE SOLUTIONS
TURN INTO INVENTIONS.
[00:19:08.304]
IF YOU HAVE A CREATIVE,
INNOVATIVE ENVIRONMENT,
[00:19:10.674]
INVENTIONS WILL HAPPEN.
[00:19:12.494]
WHAT ARE SOME OF THESE INVENTIONS?
[00:19:15.274]
THIS IS A COLORLESS POLYAMIDE.
[00:19:16.954]
IT WAS INVENTED BY SEVERAL
LANGLEY SCIENTISTS AND IS USED
[00:19:20.094]
AS A FLAT-PANEL REFLECTOR ON
SOLAR RAYS ON SATELLITES IN SPACE.
[00:19:25.494]
ALL THESE THINGS LOOK GREAT,
BUT HOW DO THE RESEARCHERS KNOW
[00:19:28.594]
IF THEY'RE GOOD IDEAS?
[00:19:30.594]
FIRST, AS A RESEARCHER
OR AN INVENTOR,
[00:19:33.404]
YOU NEED TO DEFINE YOUR PROBLEM.
[00:19:35.044]
THEN YOU NEED TO TEST
YOUR PROPOSED IDEAS.
[00:19:37.884]
YOU COLLECT THE DATA AND
ANALYZE IT AND SEE IF IT WORKS.
[00:19:41.174]
IF IT DOESN'T WORK, THEN YOU NEED
TO REEVALUATE MAYBE YOU MODIFY IT,
[00:19:45.214]
OR MAYBE YOU START WITH A NEW IDEA.
[00:19:47.184]
THAT'S WHY COLLECTING
DATA'S IMPORTANT?
[00:19:49.354]
YES.
[00:19:49.574]
COLLECTING AND ANALYZING
THE DATA HELPS DETERMINE
[00:19:52.784]
IF YOUR SOLUTION MEETS
THE REQUIREMENTS.
[00:19:54.954]
SO WHAT DO WE DO WITH
OUR BAD IDEAS?
[00:19:57.254]
DO WE JUST THROW THEM AWAY?
[00:19:59.214]
NO, THE IDEA MIGHT NOT
ANSWER THIS SOLUTION,
[00:20:02.284]
BUT THE DATA COLLECTED IS GOOD,
[00:20:03.544]
BECAUSE IT WILL HELP YOU
DETERMINE OTHER SOLUTIONS.
[00:20:06.114]
WELL, IS THAT IT?
[00:20:06.874]
WE COLLECT THE DATA TO TEST
OUR PRODUCT, AND WE'RE DONE?
[00:20:10.174]
YOU MIGHT WANT TO CONSIDER A FEW
MORE THINGS IN THE EVALUATION.
[00:20:12.844]
FIRST, CAN I MAKE IT?
[00:20:14.114]
AND SECOND, CAN I AFFORD IT?
[00:20:16.134]
COULD YOU HELP US GET STARTED?
[00:20:18.374]
TELL ME ONE OF YOUR IDEAS
TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM.
[00:20:20.694]
WE THOUGHT OF MAYBE PAINTING
OUR BIKE TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM
[00:20:22.994]
OF MAKING US MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT.
[00:20:25.054]
THAT'S A GOOD IDEA.
[00:20:25.894]
I THINK YOU SHOULD CONSIDER WHAT
KIND OF PAINT YOU'RE GOING TO USE
[00:20:29.144]
AND WHERE YOU'RE GOING TO
PAINT IT ON THE BICYCLE--
[00:20:31.614]
ON THE FRAME, TIRES, OR BOTH.
[00:20:32.864]
THEN DECIDE HOW TO DETERMINE
WHETHER YOU'RE REALLY VISIBLE
[00:20:36.434]
AT NIGHT.
[00:20:37.304]
WE NEED TO HAVE A
BRAINSTORMING SESSION.
[00:20:39.494]
AFTER YOUR BRAINSTORMING
SESSION, SEND ME AN E-MAIL,
[00:20:42.754]
AND I CAN PUT YOU IN
TOUCH WITH RESEARCHERS
[00:20:44.964]
THAT DEVELOP REFLECTIVE MATERIALS.
[00:20:46.724]
THANKS.
[00:20:47.194]
I'LL KEEP IN TOUCH.
[00:20:49.804]
BYE, DR. FAY.
[00:20:52.554]
BYE.
[00:20:52.674]
BYE.
[00:20:52.814]
THAT WAS A GREAT BRAINSTORMING
SESSION.
[00:20:54.814]
YEAH, LOOK AT OUR LIST NOW.
[00:20:56.844]
BUT SOME OF THEM ARE PRETTY SILLY.
[00:20:58.924]
SOME OF THE SILLY ONES LED
TO SOME REALLY GOOD ONES.
[00:21:01.764]
LET'S START EVALUATING.
[00:21:03.224]
REMEMBER, DR. FAY SAID WE HAVE
TO DECIDE ON A SET OF CRITERIA
[00:21:06.754]
FOR EVALUATING OUR IDEAS.
[00:21:08.644]
IT CAN'T BE TOO COSTLY.
[00:21:10.224]
YEAH, BECAUSE I DON'T
HAVE MUCH MONEY.
[00:21:12.304]
AND IT ALSO HAS TO BE
SOMETHING EASY FOR PEOPLE
[00:21:14.614]
TO USE, AND IT SHOULD WORK.
[00:21:17.014]
AND WE SHOULD BE ABLE
TO MAKE IT OURSELVES.
[00:21:18.804]
A REFLECTIVE HELMET WOULD
BE PRETTY EASY TO MAKE.
[00:21:22.274]
AND IT WOULDN'T COST TOO MUCH.
[00:21:24.474]
IT WOULD CERTAINLY
BE EASY TO PUT ON.
[00:21:26.224]
ANYONE COULD DO IT.
[00:21:27.934]
BUT WE'D HAVE TO TEST IT
TO MAKE SURE IT WOULD WORK.
[00:21:30.184]
HOW ABOUT THIS IDEA OF
THE FLASHING LIGHTS?
[00:21:32.304]
IT WOULD SURE BE EASY TO DO.
[00:21:33.574]
WE COULD JUST STICK
THE LIGHT ON OUR BIKE.
[00:21:35.694]
THAT MIGHT NOT WORK SO WELL.
[00:21:37.204]
WE'D HAVE TO PUT LIGHTS
ALL OVER THE BIKE.
[00:21:39.964]
AND THAT'D BE EXPENSIVE.
[00:21:41.364]
LOOK AT THIS LIST.
[00:21:42.424]
WE HAVE A LOT OF EVALUATING TO DO.
[00:21:44.894]
I BETTER GO HOME.
[00:21:45.724]
I GOTTA GET READY FOR
THE KITE FESTIVAL.
[00:21:48.074]
I WISH WE COULD GO, BUT WE'LL
STAY HERE AND KEEP EVALUATING.
[00:21:51.864]
[00:22:17.614]
TODAY IS A GREAT DAY
FOR FLYING KITES,
[00:22:19.864]
AND THAT'S WHAT WE'RE GOING TO DO.
[00:22:21.074]
FIRST WE HAVE TO BUILD IT.
[00:22:22.474]
WHO KNOWS WHAT SHAPE KITE WE
ARE BUILDING TODAY, WHAT KIND?
[00:22:26.944]
IN DESIGNING THE INVENTION,
[00:22:27.954]
THERE ARE A FEW FUNDAMENTAL
CONCEPTS THEY'LL NEED
[00:22:29.594]
TO UNDERSTAND.
[00:22:31.314]
RESEARCH WHAT IS ALREADY
KNOWN ABOUT THE IDEA.
[00:22:34.364]
WE OBSERVED THAT HAWKS
SOAR BETTER THAN BUZZARDS
[00:22:37.034]
AND THAT HAWKS ALSO
MAINTAIN THEIR BALANCE
[00:22:38.724]
IN STRONG WINDS BETTER
THAN BUZZARDS.
[00:22:40.614]
WHY?
[00:22:41.354]
BECAUSE THEIR WINGS ARE
SHAPED VERY DIFFERENTLY.
[00:22:43.864]
THE WINGS OF A HAWK ARCH UP A
LITTLE AND THEN FLATTEN AT THE TIP.
[00:22:48.304]
A BUZZARD'S WING GRADUALLY ANGLES
UPWARD ALL THE WAY TO THE END.
[00:22:53.454]
AND THEY'LL NEED TO KEEP A JOURNAL.
[00:22:54.804]
IT IS ESSENTIAL TO KEEP
CAREFUL-- AND ACCURATE--
[00:22:58.614]
RECORDS OF EVERYTHING
THEY DO ON THE PROJECT.
[00:23:01.334]
HI.
[00:23:02.084]
MY FRIENDS DON'T BELIEVE THAT I MET
THE REAL ORVILLE AND WILBUR WRIGHT.
[00:23:05.414]
SO COULD YOU SIGN THIS
PICTURE I TOOK OF YOU?
[00:23:08.084]
HEY, WHERE'D THEY GO?
[00:23:12.284]
I KNOW I'M NOT CRAZY.
[00:23:13.944]
I JUST SAW ORVILLE
AND WILBUR WRIGHT.
[00:23:20.644]
HELLO?
[00:23:21.264]
YOU WON'T BELIEVE WHO I JUST SAW--
[00:23:23.044]
THOSE SAME TWO GUYS
FROM THE BICYCLE SHOP,
[00:23:24.914]
AND THEY CALL THEMSELVES
"WILBUR" AND "ORVILLE."
[00:23:26.904]
THAT'S AWESOME, JACOB.
[00:23:28.804]
PAY REALLY CLOSE ATTENTION, BECAUSE
YOU'LL PROBABLY LEARN LOTS OF STUFF
[00:23:32.224]
THAT WE CAN USE WITH OUR INVENTION.
[00:23:33.824]
YEAH.
[00:23:34.584]
COULD JACOB REALLY BE
SEEING THE WRIGHT BROTHERS?
[00:23:37.714]
MAYBE THEY'RE ACTORS PRETENDING
TO BE ORVILLE AND WILBUR.
[00:23:41.524]
THEY'RE NOT PRETENDING.
[00:23:42.934]
I'M TELLING YOU GUYS,
THIS IS THE REAL DEAL.
[00:23:45.504]
OKAY, WE BELIEVE YOU.
[00:23:47.514]
I READ SOMEWHERE THAT THE WRIGHT
BROTHERS BECAME INTERESTED
[00:23:50.154]
IN FLIGHT AFTER THEIR FATHER
GAVE THEM A TOY HELICOPTER.
[00:23:53.004]
AND LISTEN TO THIS: THE WRIGHT
BROTHERS WERE SELF-TAUGHT
[00:23:55.424]
ENGINEERS, NEITHER OF
WHOM ATTENDED A COLLEGE.
[00:23:57.624]
I WONDER IF THEIR
PARENTS WERE REALLY SMART?
[00:24:00.114]
IT WAS THEIR MOTHER.
[00:24:01.394]
SHE LOVED MATH AND SCIENCE.
[00:24:02.884]
LIKE ME.
[00:24:04.074]
BUT WILL YOU GRADUATE THE TOP OF
YOUR COLLEGE CLASS LIKE SHE DID?
[00:24:06.894]
OF COURSE.
[00:24:08.324]
LISTEN, GUYS, WE GOT
A LOT OF WORK TO DO.
[00:24:10.614]
WE NARROWED DOWN OUR IDEAS, BUT
WHAT ARE WE GOING TO CHOOSE FROM?
[00:24:14.184]
THE WRIGHT BROTHERS SAID TO
RESEARCH AND TO FIND OUT ALL
[00:24:16.114]
THAT IS KNOWN ABOUT OUR IDEA.
[00:24:17.124]
LET'S GO TO THE PROBLEM BOARD
AND SEE WHAT WE NEED TO DO NEXT.
[00:24:20.124]
WE KNOW OUR PROBLEM IS TO MAKE
BIKES MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT.
[00:24:24.604]
AND THAT ANYONE CAN BE AN INVENTOR.
[00:24:26.714]
WE KNOW THAT INVENTORS
BRAINSTORM LOTS
[00:24:28.254]
OF SOLUTIONS FOR THEIR PROBLEM.
[00:24:29.524]
AND DR. FAY SAID TO DETERMINE
CRITERIA FOR EVALUATION.
[00:24:33.474]
THAT MEANS WE'RE ON
THE RIGHT TRACK.
[00:24:35.384]
SO WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?
[00:24:36.994]
I THINK WE NEED TO RESEARCH HOW TO
MAKE THINGS MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT.
[00:24:40.284]
LIKE MATERIALS THAT REFLECT.
[00:24:41.964]
I'LL GO TO THE LIBRARY.
[00:24:43.754]
HEY, GUYS, WAIT.
[00:24:46.944]
I JUST GOT AN E-MAIL FROM DR. FAY.
[00:24:49.574]
SHE SAYS TO CHECK OUT HER
COLLEAGUE DR. HARRISON.
[00:24:53.424]
SHE WORKS WITH REFLECTIVE
MATERIALS.
[00:24:55.094]
SOUNDS LIKE THAT'S OUR NEXT STOP.
[00:24:56.604]
WOW, THIS IS NEAT.
[00:24:57.044]
ARE WE IN THE RIGHT PLACE?
[00:24:57.824]
WELL, YOU'RE IN THE RIGHT PLACE.
[00:24:59.024]
I'M DR. JOCELYN HARRISON, AND I
WORK HERE IN THE ADVANCED MATERIALS
[00:25:02.154]
AND PROCESSING BRANCH AT
NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER.
[00:25:05.534]
BUT SINCE YOU GUYS ARE IN THE
LAB, COULD YOU DO ME A FAVOR
[00:25:07.674]
AND PUT THESE SAFETY GLASSES ON?
[00:25:09.924]
WE HAVE TO ALWAYS
REMEMBER SAFETY FIRST.
[00:25:13.074]
WELL, WE'RE TRYING
TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM
[00:25:14.824]
OF MAKING OUR BIKES
MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT,
[00:25:16.894]
AND WE WANT TO USE
REFLECTIVE MATERIALS.
[00:25:18.764]
WE WERE HOPING YOU COULD HELP US.
[00:25:20.794]
DO YOU KNOW ANYTHING ABOUT
REFLECTIVE MATERIALS?
[00:25:23.254]
YES.
[00:25:23.564]
HERE AT NASA LANGLEY,
WE DO RESEARCH
[00:25:25.244]
ON DEVELOPING REFLECTIVE PLASTICS.
[00:25:27.614]
HERE'S AN EXAMPLE OF A
REFLECTIVE PLASTIC FILM
[00:25:30.194]
THAT WE DEVELOPED RIGHT HERE.
[00:25:31.974]
WOW, THIS IS REALLY LIGHTWEIGHT.
[00:25:34.354]
THIS WOULD LOOK REALLY
COOL ON OUR BIKE.
[00:25:36.554]
HOW DO YOU MAKE IT?
[00:25:37.884]
WELL, WE START OFF WITH
THIS CLEAR POLYMER SOLUTION
[00:25:41.034]
THAT HAS METAL IONS DISSOLVED
IN IT, AND THEN WE POUR IT
[00:25:44.144]
ON THESE GLASS PLATES, AND THEN
WE BAKE IT IN THESE BIG OVENS.
[00:25:48.384]
YOU BAKE HERE?
[00:25:49.994]
YES, ACTUALLY, CHEMISTS DO
BAKE, BUT WE CALL IT CURING.
[00:25:53.434]
WHILE CURING, THE METAL IONS IN
THE MATERIAL MIGRATE TO THE SURFACE
[00:25:57.084]
OF THE MATERIAL, AND WE END UP
WITH A VERY REFLECTIVE PLASTIC.
[00:26:01.084]
WOW, I THOUGHT THAT ONLY
METALS WERE REFLECTIVE.
[00:26:04.294]
WHY DOES NASA USE
REFLECTIVE PLASTICS?
[00:26:06.604]
WELL, YOU GUYS COME WITH ME,
AND I'LL SHOW YOU AN EXAMPLE
[00:26:08.884]
OF HOW NASA USED MATERIALS
JUST LIKE THIS.
[00:26:11.704]
COME ON.
[00:26:12.444]
WHAT IS THIS?
[00:26:17.064]
I'VE NEVER SEEN ANYTHING
LIKE THIS BEFORE.
[00:26:19.384]
IT'S SO TALL.
[00:26:21.344]
THIS IS A REFLECTIVE ANTENNA.
[00:26:23.424]
ACTUALLY IT WOULD HAVE TO
BE ABOUT FIVE TIMES LARGER
[00:26:25.844]
THAN THIS TO BE USED IN SPACE.
[00:26:28.154]
NASA PUTS ANTENNAS LIKE THIS
IN SPACE TO COLLECT ENERGY,
[00:26:31.354]
OR SIGNALS, FOR COMMUNICATIONS
AND SCIENTIFIC MEASUREMENTS.
[00:26:35.094]
WHY DOES IT HAVE TO BE SO SHINY?
[00:26:37.474]
IT NEEDS TO BE REFLECTIVE SO
THAT WE CAN FOCUS THE ENERGY
[00:26:40.294]
TO WHERE WE WANT IT TO GO,
LIKE TO A LOCATION ON EARTH
[00:26:43.364]
OR TO A SCIENCE INSTRUMENT
ON A SATELLITE, FOR EXAMPLE.
[00:26:46.764]
WE REALLY NEED REFLECTIVE
MATERIALS TOO.
[00:26:49.734]
WE'RE TRYING TO MAKE OUR
BIKES SAFER AT NIGHT.
[00:26:51.244]
I DON'T THINK WE COULD
BUILD ANYTHING LIKE THAT.
[00:26:53.834]
DO YOU HAVE ANY SUGGESTIONS
FOR OUR BIKE?
[00:26:55.884]
WHAT KIND OF THINGS DO YOU THINK
COULD HELP YOU SEE YOUR BIKES
[00:26:58.414]
AT NIGHT?
[00:26:59.174]
WE HAD A BRAINSTORMING
SESSION AND CAME
[00:27:00.924]
UP WITH A FEW IDEAS LIKE
STICKERS, MAYBE PAINT.
[00:27:05.094]
YES, BUT JUST MAKE SURE THAT THOSE
LIGHTS AND STICKERS ARE REFLECTIVE
[00:27:09.154]
SO THAT THE LIGHT
WILL BOUNCE OFF THEM.
[00:27:11.104]
YOU MIGHT ALSO CONSIDER
USING SOME REFLECTIVE GEAR.
[00:27:14.074]
GEAR?
[00:27:14.544]
YES, LIKE REFLECTIVE VESTS,
HELMETS, OR EVEN TENNIS SHOES.
[00:27:19.174]
WE'LL GET STARTED.
[00:27:20.274]
THANKS FOR YOUR HELP.
[00:27:21.164]
WE REALLY APPRECIATE IT.
[00:27:22.784]
BYE, DR. HARRISON.
[00:27:24.474]
SO WHAT'S UP?
[00:27:26.504]
ARE REFLECTIVE MATERIALS
THE ANSWER TO THE PROBLEM?
[00:27:29.484]
WHAT SHOULD THE TREE HOUSE
DETECTIVES RESEARCH NEXT?
[00:27:32.594]
DON'T MISS THE NEXT SEGMENT OF
THE CASE OF THE WRIGHT INVENTION.
[00:27:36.474]
WATCH CAREFULLY, AND YOU'LL LEARN
THE FOLLOWING: HOW DID THE WHY?
[00:27:45.474]
[00:27:54.424]
FILES KIDS CLUB EXPERIMENTS
HELP THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES?
[00:27:58.634]
WHAT IS ITERATIVE DESIGN?
[00:28:00.884]
WHY ARE MODELS IMPORTANT?
[00:28:03.554]
[00:28:06.594]
DID YOU KNOW-- OH, NO, NOT AGAIN.
[00:28:09.034]
I'M THE TRIVIA KING;
YOU'LL LIKE THIS ONE.
[00:28:11.974]
DID YOU KNOW THAT WILBUR
WRIGHT TURNED HIS HAT LIKE THIS
[00:28:15.644]
WHEN HE WAS READY TO FLY HIS PLANE?
[00:28:18.094]
COOL.
[00:28:18.374]
MAYBE HE STARTED THE TREND.
[00:28:20.224]
OKAY, GUYS, BACK TO BUSINESS.
[00:28:22.354]
DR. HARRISON SAID THAT THERE ARE
A LOT OF GOOD WAYS TO PAINT--
[00:28:27.764]
I MEAN COVER-- A BIKE
IN REFLECTIVE COATING.
[00:28:30.534]
I WONDER IF ANY NASA KIDS' CLUB
MEMBERS HAVE DONE EXPERIMENTS
[00:28:35.844]
ON VISIBILITY OR REFLECTIVE
COATINGS.
[00:28:38.224]
JACOB, WOULD YOU CHECK
THAT OUT FOR US?
[00:28:40.124]
HERE'S A SCHOOL.
[00:28:41.354]
VIRGINIA STEPHENS IN
RIVERSIDE, NEAR DAYTON, OHIO.
[00:28:43.574]
LET'S SEE WHAT THEY'RE DOING.
[00:28:44.534]
HI, MY NAME IS ERICA HARTLEY
[00:28:46.914]
FROM MR. MARK BOMIDA'S THIRD
GRADE CLASS IN RIVERSIDE, OHIO.
[00:28:51.944]
WE ARE PROUD TO BE
AN A.I.A.A. SCHOOL,
[00:28:55.464]
WHICH STANDS FOR AMERICAN INSTITUTE
[00:28:57.814]
OF AERONAUTICS AND ASTRONAUTICS.
[00:29:01.354]
WE NEED YOUR HELP; CAN YOU
TELL US ABOUT YOUR EXPERIMENT
[00:29:03.994]
ON REFLECTIVE SURFACES?
[00:29:05.344]
SURE.
[00:29:05.934]
WE STARTED OFF WITH THE PROBLEM.
[00:29:08.124]
WE NEEDED TO FIND THE MOST VISIBLE
MATERIAL FOR BIKE SAFETY AT NIGHT.
[00:29:12.754]
THAT'S SO FUNNY.
[00:29:13.614]
WE HAVE THE SAME PROBLEM.
[00:29:15.124]
WHAT DID YOU DO?
[00:29:16.574]
WE DID A FUN EXPERIMENT.
[00:29:18.394]
IT'S REALLY EASY.
[00:29:19.824]
WE TESTED FOUR ITEMS: A 5
CENTIMETER BY 10 CENTIMETER PIECE
[00:29:24.764]
OF WHITE POSTERBOARD WITH
FLUORESCENT PAINT, A GLOW STICK,
[00:29:30.114]
A NEON PINK POSTERBOARD STRIP,
AND A REFLECTIVE STICKER.
[00:29:33.864]
I'VE SEEN THIS EXPERIMENT BEFORE.
[00:29:37.034]
FIRST YOU START BY TAKING A
PIECE OF CLAY AND DIVIDING IT
[00:29:39.254]
INTO FOUR EQUAL PARTS.
[00:29:40.784]
THEN YOU TAKE THE CLAY AND
ROLL IT INTO SMALL BALLS.
[00:29:42.844]
AND THEN YOU SET THE BALLS ON
THE TABLE IN A STRAIGHT LINE,
[00:29:45.874]
ABOUT 8 CENTIMETERS APART.
[00:29:47.984]
THEN YOU TAKE EACH TEST ITEM AND
INSERT IT INTO THE BALLS OF CLAY.
[00:29:52.404]
HOW DID YOU DO THE TEST?
[00:29:54.424]
IT'S EASY.
[00:29:55.754]
SHINE A BEAM OF LIGHT ON
THE FIRST ITEM AND OBSERVE.
[00:29:59.474]
THEN RECORD YOUR OBSERVATIONS
ON YOUR DATA SHEET.
[00:30:04.774]
AFTER YOU CONDUCT THE EXPERIMENT,
GIVE EACH ITEM A SAFETY RATING.
[00:30:09.944]
NUMBER ONE STANDS
FOR POOR VISIBILITY,
[00:30:13.124]
AND NUMBER FIVE MEANS THE
ITEM IS VERY VISIBLE AT NIGHT.
[00:30:17.984]
DID YOU FIND OUT WHICH ITEMS WORKED
BEST FOR BIKE SAFETY AT NIGHT?
[00:30:21.674]
YES, WE CAME UP WITH SEVERAL
FINDINGS FROM OUR DATA CHART.
[00:30:26.284]
WE FOUND THE NEON PINK PAPER,
LIKE THIS ONE HERE, IS NOTICEABLE,
[00:30:32.044]
BUT IT DOESN'T REFLECT LIGHT.
[00:30:34.354]
THE GLOW STICK PRODUCED ITS OWN
LIGHT AND WAS REALLY VISIBLE,
[00:30:39.004]
BUT IT CAN ONLY LAST FOR SO LONG.
[00:30:41.924]
YEAH, THE GLOW STICKS
ONLY WORK FOR TEN HOURS.
[00:30:43.834]
AND IT ONLY GIVES OFF LIGHT;
IT DOESN'T REFLECT IT.
[00:30:48.464]
THE FLUORESCENT PAINT
DOESN'T REALLY GLOW AT ALL.
[00:30:51.324]
OUR TOP SCORE IS THE
REFLECTOR STICKER.
[00:30:54.644]
IT REFLECTS LIGHT WELL, AND
IT'S GOOD FOR NIGHT VISIBILITY.
[00:30:59.414]
WE HOPE THIS HELPS YOU.
[00:31:03.574]
BYE.
[00:31:03.824]
THANKS.
[00:31:04.524]
LATER.
[00:31:05.924]
THAT REALLY HELPS.
[00:31:07.124]
STREET SIGNS AND THE TAPE ON
MY TENNIS SHOES ARE EXAMPLES
[00:31:09.954]
OF REFLECTIVE MATERIALS.
[00:31:11.074]
THIS MIGHT BE THE ANSWER.
[00:31:11.934]
IF A MATERIAL IS REFLECTIVE,
IT CAN BE SEEN EASILY
[00:31:14.824]
WHEN A CAR'S HEADLIGHTS HIT IT.
[00:31:16.984]
THE WHY?
[00:31:17.334]
FILES' KIDS' CLUB
COMES THROUGH AGAIN.
[00:31:19.454]
IF YOU ENJOY EXPERIMENTS AND
HANDS-ON LEARNING AS MUCH AS WE DO,
[00:31:23.554]
BE SURE TO VISIT DR. "D.'S" LAB
INSIDE THE TREE HOUSE ON NASA WHY?
[00:31:27.034]
FILES' WEBSITE.
[00:31:27.974]
DR. "D.," WE'VE NARROWED
OUR IDEAS DOWN TO JUST TWO.
[00:31:34.904]
WE COULD PAINT THE BIKE
WITH A REFLECTIVE COATING
[00:31:37.284]
OR MAKE OUR CLOTHING MORE VISIBLE.
[00:31:39.444]
WELL, NOW WHAT YOU NEED
TO DO IS TEST YOUR IDEAS.
[00:31:41.994]
INVENTION WORK IS
NOT JUST THEORETICAL.
[00:31:44.384]
IT CAN'T JUST LOOK GOOD ON PAPER.
[00:31:46.004]
IT ACTUALLY HAS TO WORK.
[00:31:47.354]
SO HOW DO WE DO THAT?
[00:31:49.084]
YOU BUILD A MODEL.
[00:31:50.284]
ON OUR TRIPS TO NASA,
WE'VE SEEN A LOT
[00:31:52.434]
OF ENGINEERS BUILDING
AIRPLANE MODELS
[00:31:54.824]
AND THEN TESTING IT
IN WIND TUNNELS.
[00:31:56.774]
IT'S EASIER TO BUILD,
TEST, AND ANALYZE A MODEL
[00:31:58.934]
THAN A FULL-SIZED OBJECT.
[00:32:00.684]
DOES THAT MEAN WE SHOULD BUILD
A MINIATURE BICYCLE TO TEST?
[00:32:03.674]
NO, IF YOU'RE TESTING
REFLECTIVE COATINGS,
[00:32:05.774]
A MODEL MIGHT JUST BE A SMALL
PIECE OF METAL THAT YOU PAINT.
[00:32:08.534]
WE NEED TO EXPERIMENT
WITH A MODEL TO FIND
[00:32:10.354]
WHICH PAINT MAKES THE
BIKE MOST VISIBLE.
[00:32:12.534]
AND WE NEED TO TEST IT IN A
VARIETY OF DIFFERENT SITUATIONS.
[00:32:16.294]
THAT'S RIGHT.
[00:32:17.074]
JUST LIKE THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD,
[00:32:18.484]
YOU HAVE TO DO YOUR
TESTING VERY CAREFULLY.
[00:32:20.344]
THAT MEANS WE NEED TO CHANGE
JUST ONE VARIABLE AT A TIME.
[00:32:24.654]
I REMEMBER ALL THOSE DETAILS.
[00:32:26.454]
AND DON'T FORGET, WE NEED
TO KEEP CAREFUL RECORDS.
[00:32:29.474]
LET ME SHOW YOU WHAT
I DID WITH MY PROJECT.
[00:32:31.874]
I RULED OUT WATERMELONS, CAUSE
I'D HAVE TO DO IT INSIDE.
[00:32:34.844]
AND IDEAS LIKE PAPER AIRPLANES
JUST DIDN'T MEET MY CRITERIA
[00:32:38.384]
OF BEING SPECTACULAR.
[00:32:39.654]
I DID A LITTLE RESEARCH,
COME UP WITH A BASIC IDEA,
[00:32:42.584]
AND BUILT A MODEL TO TEST.
[00:32:44.554]
DID IT WORK?
[00:32:45.424]
WELL, LET ME SHOW YOU.
[00:32:46.984]
I BUILT THIS BOX AND TRIED
OUT DIFFERENT SIZE HOLES,
[00:32:49.704]
AND I USED A BEE SMOKER
TO PRODUCE THE SMOKE.
[00:32:52.444]
WHAT'S A BEE SMOKER?
[00:32:54.364]
IT'S A SMOLDERING FIRE, AND
IT PRODUCES A LOT OF SMOKE.
[00:32:57.044]
IT'S WHAT BEEKEEPERS
USE TO CALM THE BEES
[00:32:59.004]
WHEN THEY'RE TENDING THE HIVE.
[00:33:00.084]
I WENT THROUGH THE PROCESS
OF BUILD, TEST, ANALYZE,
[00:33:04.194]
AND THEN REDESIGN MANY TIMES.
[00:33:06.344]
AND I FINALLY HAVE A BOX
THAT WORKS PRETTY GOOD.
[00:33:08.824]
LET ME SHOW YOU.
[00:33:10.154]
BOING!
[00:33:19.154]
[00:33:19.784]
BOING!
[00:33:21.084]
BOING!
[00:33:21.594]
BOING!
[00:33:22.784]
BOING!
[00:33:22.934]
THAT'S FUN.
[00:33:24.294]
MY DAD HELPS OUT AT THE THEATER,
AND THEY HAVE A SMOKE MACHINE
[00:33:27.324]
THAT WORKS EVEN BETTER.
[00:33:29.564]
WHAT A WONDERFUL IDEA.
[00:33:30.764]
SEE, IT'S GREAT TO WORK TOGETHER
AS A TEAM ON THE INVENTION PROCESS.
[00:33:33.494]
I THINK IT'S TIME
FOR BOTH YOU AND ME
[00:33:35.724]
TO PUT TOGETHER A
PROTOTYPE OF OUR INVENTIONS.
[00:33:38.624]
WHAT'S A PROTOTYPE?
[00:33:40.114]
ONCE YOU FEEL GOOD
ABOUT YOUR TESTING,
[00:33:41.974]
IT'S TIME TO BUILD A
FULL-SIZE, WORKING MODEL TO TEST,
[00:33:44.664]
WHICH IS CALLED A PROTOTYPE.
[00:33:46.184]
OH, THAT'S WHEN WE USE A REAL BIKE.
[00:33:47.874]
I CAN ALMOST TASTE VICTORY.
[00:33:50.524]
I THINK WE CAN DO THIS,
BUT I'M STILL NOT CLEAR
[00:33:52.944]
ON THIS MODEL-MAKING THING.
[00:33:54.734]
THERE ARE TWO PROJECTS GOING ON
AT NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER
[00:33:57.834]
THAT WILL HELP YOU LEARN
MORE ABOUT MODEL-BUILDING.
[00:33:59.724]
I'LL GIVE BOTH RESEARCHERS
A CALL FOR YOU.
[00:34:02.094]
WELL, LET'S DIVIDE INTO TWO GROUPS
AND TAKE OUR INVESTIGATION LOG
[00:34:05.404]
AND RECORD WHAT WE LEARN.
[00:34:07.174]
I'LL CALL KALI AND SEE IF
SHE CAN GO ON A FIELD TRIP.
[00:34:09.904]
THEN WE CAN SHARE WHAT
WE LEARN WITH EACH OTHER.
[00:34:12.044]
LET'S GET UP AND GO.
[00:34:13.014]
NICE TO MEET YOU, MR. WASZAK.
[00:34:16.444]
NICE MEETING YOU.
[00:34:17.704]
THIS IS A WIND TUNNEL, ISN'T IT?
[00:34:19.614]
WHAT DO YOU DO HERE?
[00:34:20.984]
WE'RE TESTING A NEW
KIND OF AIRPLANE,
[00:34:24.044]
A MICRO AIR VEHICLE,
OR M.A.V. FOR SHORT.
[00:34:27.354]
IS THIS A REAL PLANE?
[00:34:29.344]
IT LOOKS MORE LIKE A BIRD
OR A BAT OR SOMETHING.
[00:34:32.434]
WELL, YOU'RE PRETTY CLOSE.
[00:34:33.404]
IT'S ABOUT THE SIZE OF A
BIRD, AND WE USE WHAT WE KNOW
[00:34:35.984]
ABOUT HOW BIRDS, BATS, AND
INSECTS FLY TO HELP DESIGN IT.
[00:34:39.114]
DO YOU TEST YOUR MODELS?
[00:34:41.034]
YES, TESTING'S AN IMPORTANT
PART OF THE DESIGN PROCESS.
[00:34:43.644]
THAT'S WHY WE'RE HERE, TO LEARN
MORE ABOUT THE DESIGN PROCESS.
[00:34:46.694]
WELL, DESIGN IS THE PROCESS BY
WHICH YOU TURN IDEAS INTO REALITY.
[00:34:50.544]
IDEAS OFTEN INVOLVE CONTRIBUTIONS
FROM MANY DIFFERENT PEOPLE.
[00:34:53.754]
WE COLLABORATE, OR WORK
TOGETHER, BY SHARING IDEAS
[00:34:56.634]
TO IMPROVE OUR DESIGN.
[00:34:58.604]
KIND OF LIKE US.
[00:34:59.864]
WE WORK TOGETHER AS A TEAM.
[00:35:01.514]
WE COLLABORATE.
[00:35:02.524]
THAT'S GREAT!
[00:35:03.314]
FOR M.A.V.S, WE'RE WORKING
WITH AERODYNAMICISTS,
[00:35:05.414]
CONTROLS ENGINEERS,
WIND TUNNEL ENGINEERS,
[00:35:07.504]
TECHNICIANS, AND EVEN BIOLOGISTS.
[00:35:08.904]
BIOLOGIST?
[00:35:09.364]
RIGHT, BIOLOGISTS HELP TO BETTER
UNDERSTAND HOW ANIMALS FLY.
[00:35:13.944]
AND WE CAN DESIGN
AND BUILD AIRPLANES
[00:35:15.534]
THAT USE THE SAME PRINCIPLES.
[00:35:16.944]
THROUGH COLLABORATION, WE
HELP EACH OTHER AND ITERATE
[00:35:19.724]
TO GET A BETTER DESIGN.
[00:35:20.834]
ITER-WHAT?
[00:35:21.914]
ITERATE.
[00:35:22.994]
IT ALMOST ALWAYS TAKES
LOTS OF TRIES
[00:35:24.544]
AND RETRIES BEFORE YOU
GET AN EFFECTIVE DESIGN.
[00:35:27.344]
ITERATION REFERS TO THE PROCESS
BY WHICH WE DESIGN, BUILD,
[00:35:30.314]
TEST, AND ANALYZE OUR DATA.
[00:35:32.704]
DATA COLLECTION IS ANOTHER
PART OF THE SCIENTIFIC PROCESS.
[00:35:36.244]
FROM OUR DATA, WE
MODIFY OUR DESIGN.
[00:35:38.384]
WE REPEAT THE PROCESS OVER AND
OVER AGAIN UNTIL WE GET IT RIGHT.
[00:35:41.344]
SO COLLABORATION AND ITERATIVE
DESIGN HELP YOU COME UP WITH THIS?
[00:35:45.634]
BUT WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO
DO WITH SUCH A SMALL PLANE?
[00:35:48.084]
WELL, WE'RE GOING TO USE IT TO BE
OUR EYES AND OTHER SENSES TO GO
[00:35:51.394]
TO PLACES WE CAN'T GET TO
OR ARE TOO DANGEROUS TO GO.
[00:35:54.444]
THAT IS SO AWESOME.
[00:35:56.424]
I GUESS WE NEED TO GET
BACK TO THE TREE HOUSE
[00:35:58.084]
SO WE CAN COLLABORATE AND ITERATE.
[00:36:00.114]
THAT'S RIGHT, AND REMEMBER
TO USE WHAT YOU LEARN
[00:36:02.124]
TO MAKE YOUR DESIGNS BETTER.
[00:36:03.414]
THANK YOU VERY MUCH, MR. WASZAK.
[00:36:05.194]
THIS IS REALLY GREAT.
[00:36:06.304]
OH, YEAH, THANKS A LOT.
[00:36:07.634]
SEE YOU.
[00:36:07.924]
BYE.
[00:36:09.224]
[00:36:10.724]
YOU MUST BE ONE OF THE
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES.
[00:36:12.574]
HI, I'M KALI.
[00:36:14.504]
[00:36:15.814]
I'M SAM JAMES, AN
ENGINEERING TECHNICIAN.
[00:36:18.514]
HI, MR. JAMES.
[00:36:19.604]
I REALLY LIKE THIS PLACE.
[00:36:21.544]
THERE ARE SO MANY MODELS.
[00:36:22.844]
IT'S A PRETTY COOL PLACE TO WORK.
[00:36:24.764]
ALL THE MODELS YOU SEE HERE ARE
DESIGNED BY NASA RESEARCHERS.
[00:36:28.364]
I WAS HOPING YOU COULD
HELP ME UNDERSTAND MORE
[00:36:30.434]
ABOUT WHY MODELS ARE
IMPORTANT AND HOW THEY'RE MADE.
[00:36:33.664]
UM, OKAY.
[00:36:34.954]
WELL, THIS BLENDED-WING BODY--
[00:36:37.394]
WHERE DO YOU THINK WE HAVE
TO START TO MAKE THIS MODEL?
[00:36:40.284]
A MOLD?
[00:36:41.824]
GOOD GUESS.
[00:36:43.774]
COME OVER TO MY DESK.
[00:36:45.354]
THAT'S WHERE WE'LL BEGIN.
[00:36:46.324]
OKAY.
[00:36:47.824]
WE USE A COMPUTER-AIDED DESIGN
PROGRAM-- C.A.D. FOR SHORT--
[00:36:50.814]
TO MAKE ALL OF OUR MODELS,
LIKE THIS BLENDED-WING BODY.
[00:36:54.344]
ENGINEERS AND DESIGNERS USE
THEIR DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS
[00:36:57.074]
TO CREATE A PROFILE.
[00:36:58.544]
THEN THE PROGRAMMERS CREATE
DRAWINGS FOR THE OPERATORS TO USE.
[00:37:02.374]
WHAT'S THAT OVER THERE?
[00:37:04.414]
THEY ARE MOLDS WHICH
ARE USED TO MAKE MODELS.
[00:37:06.414]
CAN YOU SHOW US HOW TO MAKE A MOLD?
[00:37:09.954]
SURE.
[00:37:10.494]
WE USE SEVERAL DIFFERENT
TECHNOLOGIES, DEPENDING ON THE TYPE
[00:37:13.164]
OF MODEL WE'RE MAKING.
[00:37:14.494]
AGAIN, THIS BLENDED-WING MODEL.
[00:37:16.674]
ONE WAY TO MAKE THIS MODEL
AIRPLANE IS TO PUT FIBERGLASS
[00:37:19.564]
OR GRAPHITE SKINS IN THE MOLD,
[00:37:21.784]
THEN INSERT WHAT WE CALL HARD
POINTS AND BULKHEADS FOR SUPPORT.
[00:37:25.894]
THAT'S REALLY NEAT.
[00:37:27.354]
WHAT KIND OF MATERIALS DO YOU USE?
[00:37:29.564]
WE USUALLY USE ALUMINUM,
BALSA WOOD,
[00:37:32.914]
[00:37:34.964]
AND HONEYCOMB TO REDUCE THE WEIGHT.
[00:37:37.844]
WOW, THESE ARE REALLY LIGHT.
[00:37:39.114]
ARE ALL THE MODELS THE SAME SIZE?
[00:37:42.624]
NOT AT ALL.
[00:37:43.694]
DIFFERENT TESTS REQUIRE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF MODELS.
[00:37:46.554]
FOR INSTANCE, THE
BLENDED-WING BODY.
[00:37:49.054]
IT'S GOING TO BE MADE IN
TWO DIFFERENT SCALES: A 1%,
[00:37:52.124]
LIKE THE ONE I SHOWED YOU
EARLIER, AND A 14%, LIKE THAT ONE
[00:37:55.264]
ON THE TABLE OVER THERE.
[00:37:57.034]
BY THE WAY, IF THIS 1% MODEL
HAS A WINGSPAN OF 2 1/2 FEET,
[00:38:01.124]
WHAT WOULD BE THE WINGSPAN
OF THE REAL AIRPLANE?
[00:38:04.234]
HE DOESN'T KNOW THAT
I'M A MATH WHIZ TOO.
[00:38:06.794]
THAT'S EASY.
[00:38:07.984]
ONE PERCENT EQUALS ONE ONE HUNDRED.
[00:38:11.304]
SO YOU JUST MULTIPLY 2.5
BY 100, AND YOU GET 250.
[00:38:18.084]
YOU WOULD DO GREAT
AT MAKING A MODEL.
[00:38:19.904]
OKAY, GUYS, LET'S PUT OUR IDEAS
TOGETHER AND GO FROM THERE.
[00:38:24.624]
GOOD IDEA.
[00:38:25.264]
LET'S GO TO THE PROBLEM BOARD.
[00:38:27.154]
WHAT DO WE KNOW?
[00:38:28.764]
WE KNOW THAT THE PROBLEM IS,
[00:38:29.714]
WE WANT TO MAKE OUR
BIKE SAFER AT NIGHT.
[00:38:31.824]
WE KNOW THAT ANYONE
CAN BE AN INVENTOR.
[00:38:34.524]
INVENTORS BRAINSTORM A LOT
OF SOLUTIONS, AND WE KNOW HOW
[00:38:37.424]
TO EVALUATE OUR IDEAS.
[00:38:39.294]
WE KNOW THAT WE NEED TO
BUILD A MODEL BEFORE WE BUILD
[00:38:41.144]
OUR INVENTION.
[00:38:42.664]
WHAT DO WE NEED TO KNOW?
[00:38:43.154]
I THINK WE NEED TO KNOW MORE
[00:38:44.874]
ABOUT BUILDING OUR OWN
MODEL AND TESTING IT.
[00:38:47.904]
OKAY, SO WHERE DO WE GO FROM HERE?
[00:38:49.654]
I'M GOING TO THE WRIGHT
BROTHERS MONUMENT IN KITTY HAWK
[00:38:52.624]
TO FLY MY KITE TOMORROW.
[00:38:54.144]
MAYBE I'LL LEARN ABOUT HOW THE
WRIGHT BROTHERS DID THEIR TESTS.
[00:38:57.454]
YEAH, MAYBE I'LL SEE THEM AGAIN.
[00:39:01.454]
GOOD AFTERNOON.
[00:39:02.584]
I'M I.M. LISSNING, REPORTING LIVE
FOR KIDS SCIENCE NEWS NETWORK
[00:39:07.284]
WITH THIS BREAKING NEWS.
[00:39:08.964]
I'M HERE AT THE INVENTION
INNOVATION CONVENTION
[00:39:11.324]
WITH LAST YEAR'S WINNER,
ISAAC N. VENTION.
[00:39:14.764]
MR. VENTION, YOU-- WOW.
[00:39:19.264]
THAT'S ONE VOLCANO
THAT'S OUT OF THE RUNNING.
[00:39:22.234]
NOW, MR. VENTION, YOU WON
LAST YEAR'S COMPETITION
[00:39:25.074]
WITH A NUCLEAR-POWERED
ELECTRIC TOOTHBRUSH,
[00:39:27.754]
AND YOU'VE GOT AN EVEN BIGGER AND
BETTER INVENTION FOR US THIS YEAR.
[00:39:31.364]
TELL ME, WITH SO MANY
GREAT INVENTIONS
[00:39:33.904]
IN THE COMPETITION THIS YEAR,
[00:39:35.524]
DO THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES
HAVE ANY HOPE OF WINNING?
[00:39:38.904]
NO, MS. LISSNING, NOT A CHANCE.
[00:39:41.364]
IF YOU'LL EXCUSE ME.
[00:39:44.154]
THERE YOU HAVE IT,
LADIES AND GENTLEMEN.
[00:39:45.784]
THE TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES HAVE A
LONG WAY TO GO IF THEY'RE GOING
[00:39:48.694]
TO HAVE ANY HOPE OF WINNING
THE KID GENIUS AWARD.
[00:39:51.444]
FROM THE INVENTION INNOVA-- AHH!
[00:40:00.444]
[00:40:00.504]
SLOW DOWN, THERE, SON.
[00:40:01.394]
BE CAREFUL.
[00:40:02.314]
SORRY; I GUESS I JUST GOT
CARRIED AWAY WHEN I SAW YOU.
[00:40:04.884]
YOU'RE WILBUR WRIGHT, AREN'T YOU?
[00:40:06.414]
WHAT ARE YOU DOING HERE?
[00:40:08.474]
WE'RE HOPING TO TEST
OUR NEW GLIDER,
[00:40:10.424]
IF OUR WEATHER CONDITIONS IMPROVE.
[00:40:12.264]
LAST YEAR WAS VERY
FRUSTRATING FOR US.
[00:40:15.004]
IT WAS A FAILURE, ORVILLE.
[00:40:15.894]
WE'D BEEN USING OTTO
LILIENTHAL'S LIFT CALCULATIONS,
[00:40:19.304]
WHICH WERE CONSIDERED
TO BE ACCURATE.
[00:40:21.474]
BUT AFTER LAST YEAR'S FRUSTRATIONS,
WE WONDERED IF THEY MIGHT BE WRONG,
[00:40:25.394]
SO WE DECIDED TO DO OUR
OWN LIFT CALCULATIONS.
[00:40:28.184]
HOW DID YOU DO THAT?
[00:40:29.624]
ORVILLE BUILT A WIND TUNNEL
AND CREATED A WONDERFUL SCALE
[00:40:32.694]
TO MEASURE AND CALCULATE LIFT.
[00:40:34.924]
WE CREATED AND TESTED SEVERAL
DIFFERENT TYPES OF AIRFOILS
[00:40:37.854]
TO FIND THE ONE WITH THE MOST LIFT.
[00:40:40.374]
WE'RE REALLY ANXIOUS
TO TEST IT AS SOON
[00:40:42.134]
AS THE WIND CONDITIONS
ARE FAVORABLE.
[00:40:43.534]
WHY CAN'T YOU TEST THEM NOW?
[00:40:45.344]
HOW CAN YOU STAND WAITING?
[00:40:47.284]
WAITING IS DIFFICULT, BUT IF
WE DON'T CONDUCT OUR TESTS
[00:40:49.984]
IN APPROPRIATE CONDITIONS, WE
MIGHT INVALIDATE OUR RESULTS.
[00:40:53.544]
AND WORSE YET, WE COULD DAMAGE
OUR GLIDER AND OURSELVES.
[00:40:57.534]
NO, WE MUST WAIT UNTIL
CONDITIONS ARE RIGHT.
[00:41:00.464]
SO WHAT'S UP?
[00:41:03.034]
WHAT TYPE OF MODEL WILL THE
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES BUILD?
[00:41:05.894]
HOW WILL THEY TEST THEIR MODEL?
[00:41:07.804]
WHERE WILL JACOB SEE THE
WRIGHT BROTHERS NEXT?
[00:41:10.274]
YOU'LL FIND OUT ON THE
CONCLUSION OF THE WRIGHT INVENTION.
[00:41:14.054]
IN THE CONCLUSION OF THE
CASE OF THE WRIGHT INVENTION,
[00:41:23.054]
[00:41:27.244]
YOU'LL BE ASKED: WHAT DO
TREE HOUSE DETECTIVES DO
[00:41:30.694]
WHEN THEIR TESTS FAIL?
[00:41:33.034]
HOW DO THEY RE-DESIGN THE MODEL?
[00:41:35.454]
AND HOW DO INVENTORS
PROTECT THEIR INVENTIONS?
[00:41:42.464]
THIS JUST ISN'T WORKING.
[00:41:47.764]
WHAT'S WRONG?
[00:41:48.404]
WHY CAN'T WE MAKE
THESE THINGS WORK?
[00:41:57.404]
[00:42:05.294]
DO YOU REMEMBER WHAT MR. JUDD
AT THE LEMELSON CENTER SAID
[00:42:09.594]
ABOUT INVENTORS, FAILURES,
AND PERSEVERANCE?
[00:42:12.204]
WELL, I WROTE IT IN MY JOURNAL.
[00:42:14.684]
HERE IT IS.
[00:42:17.874]
THOMAS EDISON SAID THAT GENIOUS
IS ONLY ONE PERCENT INSPERATION
[00:42:21.684]
AND NINTY NINE PERCENT
PERSPERATION,
[00:42:24.134]
AND THAT BENJAMIN FRANKLIN
SAID THAT HE NEVER FAILED.
[00:42:27.254]
HE JUST FOUND 10,000
WAYS THAT DIDN'T WORK.
[00:42:29.154]
AND THOMAS JEFFERSON SAID
THE HARDER HE WORKED,
[00:42:31.934]
THE MORE LUCK HE FOUND.
[00:42:33.224]
I GUESS JUST BECAUSE THINGS
AREN'T WORKING FOR US RIGHT NOW,
[00:42:35.554]
IT'S NO REASON TO QUIT.
[00:42:36.574]
REMEMBER WHAT MR. WASZAK SAID ABOUT
TAKING TIME TO ANALYZE OUR DATA
[00:42:40.604]
FROM TESTING AND USING WHAT WE
LEARNED TO MAKE OUR MODEL BETTER?
[00:42:44.604]
JACOB'S RIGHT.
[00:42:45.434]
DESIGN, BUILD, TEST, ANALYZE,
AND REDESIGN OVER AND OVER AGAIN
[00:42:49.374]
UNTIL WE GET IT RIGHT.
[00:42:50.484]
REMEMBER, IT TOOK THE WRIGHT
BROTHERS FOUR YEARS OF HARD WORK
[00:42:53.674]
TO GET THEIR AIRPLANE TO FLY
AND TWO MORE YEARS TO GET IT
[00:42:57.064]
TO FLY THE WAY THEY WANTED IT TO.
[00:42:58.284]
I HAVE AN IDEA.
[00:43:00.334]
NASA'S TESTING A HIGH-ALTITUDE
PLANE CALLED HELIOS IN HAWAII.
[00:43:03.984]
LET'S E-MAIL THEM AND SEE IF WE
CAN SET UP A VIDEO CONFERENCE
[00:43:06.834]
TO SEE HOW THEY DO THEIR TESTS.
[00:43:08.324]
HI.
[00:43:10.614]
I'M JOHN DEL FRATE.
[00:43:11.744]
YOU GUYS ARE THE TREE
HOUSE DETECTIVES.
[00:43:14.184]
THAT'S US.
[00:43:15.304]
THANKS FOR TALKING WITH US.
[00:43:16.744]
WHAT CAN I HELP YOU WITH TODAY?
[00:43:18.184]
WE'RE HAVING A HARD
TIME WITH TESTING.
[00:43:20.964]
WE HEARD YOU JUST FINISHED
TESTING THE HELIOS PLANE.
[00:43:23.284]
COULD YOU GIVE US SOME ADVICE?
[00:43:25.214]
SURE, I'D BE HAPPY TO.
[00:43:27.244]
WHAT EXACTLY IS THE HELIOS?
[00:43:29.684]
WELL, HELIOS IS A SOLAR-POWERED
FLYING WING AIRCRAFT.
[00:43:33.504]
IT'S FLOWN REMOTELY
FROM THE GROUND,
[00:43:35.034]
AND SOME PEOPLE HAVE DESCRIBED
IT AS A "FLYING YARDSTICK."
[00:43:37.944]
IT'S NOT DESIGNED TO CARRY PEOPLE,
[00:43:39.794]
SO YOU CAN SHAPE IT
MUCH DIFFERENTLY.
[00:43:41.784]
IT HAS ONE OF THE
BIGGEST WINGS EVER BUILT.
[00:43:44.044]
IF YOU CAN BELIEVE IT, ITS
WINGSPAN IS BIGGER THAN A 747'S,
[00:43:47.834]
YET IT'S EXTREMELY LIGHTWEIGHT.
[00:43:49.494]
IT WEIGHS LESS THAN MOST CARS.
[00:43:52.054]
WHY WAS IT BUILT?
[00:43:53.374]
NASA HAD TWO REASONS.
[00:43:55.804]
THE FIRST WAS THAT WE
NEEDED A SPECIAL AIRPLANE
[00:43:58.134]
TO COLLECT INFORMATION ABOUT OUR
ATMOSPHERE UP TO 100,000 FEET.
[00:44:01.974]
THAT'S THREE TIMES HIGHER THAN A
REGULAR PASSENGER AIRPLANE FLIES.
[00:44:06.734]
RECENTLY, HELIOS SET A NEW WORLD
RECORD BY FLYING TO 96,863 FEET.
[00:44:12.014]
THE SECOND REASON WAS THAT WE
WANTED TO DESIGN AN AIRPLANE
[00:44:16.114]
TO FLY LONGER THAN ANY
AIRPLANE HAS EVER FLOWN.
[00:44:19.814]
WHY DO YOU NEED TO
TEST YOUR INVENTION?
[00:44:21.454]
COULD YOU TELL US HOW YOU
TESTED THE HELIOS PLANE?
[00:44:24.414]
TESTING'S REALLY IMPORTANT FOR US
FOR A COUPLE DIFFERENT REASONS.
[00:44:27.564]
THE FIRST IS THAT WE WANT TO MAKE
SURE WE ACTUALLY UNDERSTAND HOW OUR
[00:44:31.224]
AIRPLANE AND ITS PARTS WORK.
[00:44:33.404]
WE DESIGN THE TEST AND
USE THE BEST INFORMATION
[00:44:35.944]
TO PREDICT THE OUTCOME OF IT.
[00:44:37.924]
THEN WE COMPARE THE RESULTS
WITH OUR PREDICTIONS AND FIGURE
[00:44:40.934]
OUT WHY THEY MIGHT BE DIFFERENT.
[00:44:42.714]
THERE'S ANOTHER REASON
WHY WE TEST SO MUCH.
[00:44:44.804]
IT'S BECAUSE BUILDING
AIRPLANES IS VERY EXPENSIVE.
[00:44:47.974]
WE'VE BEEN TESTING DIFFERENT
PARTS OF HELIOS SINCE 1996.
[00:44:52.204]
THAT'S A LONG TIME.
[00:44:53.504]
HOW COULD IT TAKE THAT LONG?
[00:44:55.924]
IN THE BEGINNING, WE START OUT
WITH SIMPLE MODELS, LIKE THIS ONE,
[00:44:58.964]
TO TEST THE AERODYNAMIC DESIGN.
[00:45:01.154]
AND THEN WE MADE BIGGER
AND MORE COMPLICATED MODELS
[00:45:03.674]
UNTIL WE WERE READY TO
ACTUALLY MAKE THE REAL AIRPLANE.
[00:45:07.294]
ON SOME OF OUR PARTS, LIKE
THE PROPELLERS, FOR EXAMPLE,
[00:45:09.764]
WE HAD TO CHANGE THE
DESIGN AND START ALL OVER.
[00:45:13.364]
IT'S A LONG PROCESS.
[00:45:14.744]
WE AREN'T THE ONLY ONES
WHO'VE TAKEN TIME TO TEST.
[00:45:17.064]
THE WRIGHT BROTHERS
TESTED PATIENTLY
[00:45:18.874]
FOR SEVERAL YEARS BEFORE THEY
SUCCEEDED WAY BACK IN 1903.
[00:45:23.064]
CAREFUL TESTING LEADS TO SUCCESS.
[00:45:25.424]
BY THE WAY, YOU KNOW THE PLACE
[00:45:26.574]
WHERE THE WRIGHT BROTHERS
COMPLETED THEIR FIRST FLIGHT?
[00:45:29.044]
IT'S A NATIONAL MONUMENT AND
A WONDERFUL PLACE TO VISIT.
[00:45:32.224]
GREAT IDEA.
[00:45:32.914]
WE SHOULD GO THERE.
[00:45:33.684]
DO YOU HAVE ANY OTHER ADVICE
FOR US AND OUR INVENTION?
[00:45:36.644]
ACTUALLY, I DO.
[00:45:37.784]
BEFORE YOU BEGIN TO
TEST, YOU NEED TO THINK
[00:45:39.914]
ABOUT WHAT COULD POSSIBLY GO WRONG
AND BE PREPARED TO HANDLE IT.
[00:45:44.504]
THANK YOU, AND GOOD
LUCK WITH HELIOS.
[00:45:46.884]
CAN YOU IMAGINE GOING UP
100,000 FEET IN AN AIRPLANE?
[00:45:51.404]
NO THANKS.
[00:45:53.054]
WELL, MAYBE WE'RE
ON THE RIGHT TRACK.
[00:45:54.574]
WE JUST NEED TO RETHINK
WHAT WE'RE TRYING TO DO.
[00:45:57.804]
YOU KNOW, THIS TIRE
LOOKS REALLY SKINNY
[00:46:00.184]
WHEN YOU LOOK AT IT THIS WAY.
[00:46:01.174]
IT WON'T MATTER HOW
REFLECTIVE THE PAINT IS.
[00:46:04.024]
NO ONE WILL BE ABLE
TO SEE IT AT NIGHT.
[00:46:05.824]
YOU'RE RIGHT; IT'S EASIER
TO SEE A BIKE FROM THE SIDE
[00:46:08.264]
THAN FROM THE FRONT AND BACK.
[00:46:10.124]
MAYBE WE SHOULD STOP TRYING
TO MAKE THE BIKE MORE VISIBLE
[00:46:12.584]
AND START CONCENTRATING
ON THE RIDER.
[00:46:14.574]
THAT SOUNDS GOOD, BUT
WHAT IF WE DID BOTH?
[00:46:17.784]
WHAT IF WE USED THE BEST REFLECTIVE
COATING AND PUT IT ON THE BIKE,
[00:46:20.874]
THEN USED THE BEST REFLECTIVE
MATERIAL AND PUT IT ON THE VEST?
[00:46:24.084]
THAT WOULD DEFINITELY
MAKE YOU MORE VISIBLE.
[00:46:26.714]
BUT ONLY IF THE CAR'S HEADLIGHTS
HIT THE REFLECTIVE MATERIAL.
[00:46:30.594]
WELL, WHAT IF WE PUT A BLINKING
LIGHT ON TOP OF THE HELMET?
[00:46:33.414]
THEN YOU'D BE VISIBLE EVEN AT DUSK.
[00:46:36.444]
I DON'T KNOW IF I'D WANT TO
WEAR SOMETHING LIKE THAT,
[00:46:39.044]
BUT I GUESS I WOULD IF IT
MAKES ME SAFER AT NIGHT.
[00:46:43.014]
DR. "D.," WE DID IT.
[00:46:52.014]
[00:46:53.994]
OUR INVENTION WORKS GREAT.
[00:46:55.784]
CONGRATULATIONS.
[00:46:56.564]
YOU BROUGHT IT WITH YOU.
[00:46:57.954]
YOU BET.
[00:46:58.904]
LOOK AT THIS.
[00:46:59.744]
CHECK OUT THIS VEST AND THE HELMET.
[00:47:02.214]
IT HAS A SPOTLIGHT AND A BLINKER.
[00:47:04.914]
WOW, I'M REALLY IMPRESSED.
[00:47:06.694]
IT'S UNIQUE.
[00:47:07.664]
LOOKS LIKE YOU'VE MADE THE
INVENTION PROCESS WORK FOR YOU.
[00:47:10.254]
WE REALLY STRUGGLED TO GET STARTED.
[00:47:12.054]
WE DIDN'T HAVE ANY IDEAS
UNTIL YOU HELPED US
[00:47:14.764]
WITH OUR BUG LIST, OR NEED LIST.
[00:47:17.294]
ONCE WE DECIDED TO FIND A WAY TO
MAKE A BIKE MORE VISIBLE AT NIGHT,
[00:47:20.284]
WE CAME UP WITH A LOT
OF POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS.
[00:47:22.734]
WE TRIED HARD NOT TO BE
CRITICAL, BUT THAT WAS HARD TO DO.
[00:47:25.974]
JACOB AND I HAD SOME
PRETTY SILLY IDEAS.
[00:47:28.484]
HEY, REMEMBER, NO
IDEA IS A BAD IDEA.
[00:47:31.464]
OKAY, THEN WE LEARNED FROM
DR. FAY THAT WE HAD TO COME
[00:47:34.274]
UP WITH CRITERIA TO
EVALUATE OUR SOLUTIONS.
[00:47:37.414]
YES, LIKE IT SHOULD BE CHEAP AND
SOMETHING THAT WE CAN DO OURSELVES.
[00:47:40.814]
THAT HELPED US TO NARROW
IT DOWN TO TWO THINGS.
[00:47:43.404]
YOU'VE BEEN FOLLOWING THE
INVENTION PROCESS CAREFULLY.
[00:47:46.174]
THEN WE BUILT MODELS OF BOTH
OF OUR IDEAS AND TESTED THEM,
[00:47:49.594]
BUT NOTHING WAS REALLY WORKING.
[00:47:50.634]
WE HAD THIS REALLY GREAT IDEA THAT
IF WE COMBINED BOTH OF OUR IDEAS,
[00:47:54.364]
WE'D COME UP WITH THIS
REALLY TERRIFIC INVENTION.
[00:47:57.144]
SO THEN WE BUILT A
PROTOTYPE, OR FULL-SIZE MODEL,
[00:48:00.824]
AND TESTED IT WITH OUR PARENTS.
[00:48:02.954]
I KNEW YOU GUYS COULD DO IT.
[00:48:03.994]
WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO CALL IT?
[00:48:05.034]
IT DOES NEED A NAME.
[00:48:06.004]
I NEVER THOUGHT OF THAT.
[00:48:08.634]
HOW ABOUT "BIKE BRIGHT"?
[00:48:11.384]
OR "THE NIGHT BUSTER."
[00:48:12.984]
THOSE ARE BOTH GREAT NAMES.
[00:48:14.584]
OH, I ALMOST FORGOT.
[00:48:15.434]
DID YOU BRING THE SMOKE MACHINE?
[00:48:16.824]
YES, I DID.
[00:48:17.964]
CAN WE TRY IT OUT?
[00:48:19.534]
HERE'S MY PROTOTYPE.
[00:48:21.104]
I'M EXCITED TO TRY IT.
[00:48:22.034]
LET'S FILL IT WITH SMOKE
AND SEE WHAT HAPPENS.
[00:48:25.134]
BOING!
[00:48:27.234]
BOING!
[00:48:27.934]
BOING!
[00:48:28.904]
THAT'S REALLY COOL.
[00:48:30.834]
THANKS FOR ALL YOUR HELP.
[00:48:33.144]
I COULDN'T HAVE DONE
IT WITHOUT YOU.
[00:48:35.334]
FOR ONCE, WE HAD A CHANCE
TO HELP YOU, DR. "D."
[00:48:39.014]
HOPE YOU'VE BEEN KEEPING
YOUR I-LOG,
[00:48:43.474]
WRITING DOWN ALL YOUR
IDEAS AND YOUR WORK.
[00:48:45.614]
OF COURSE.
[00:48:45.854]
WHY WOULD YOU ASK US
A QUESTION LIKE THAT?
[00:48:48.504]
GOOD, BECAUSE THAT WILL HELP YOU
PREPARE FOR THE LAST AND FINAL STEP
[00:48:52.164]
OF THE INVENTION PROCESS.
[00:48:53.494]
WHAT'S THAT?
[00:48:54.504]
PROTECT YOUR INVENTION.
[00:48:56.114]
HOW WOULD AN INVENTORS' LOG HELP
US TO KEEP IT FROM GETTING BROKEN.
[00:48:59.904]
I DON'T MEAN THAT
KIND OF PROTECTION.
[00:49:01.484]
I MEAN TO KEEP SOMEONE
FROM STEALING YOUR IDEA.
[00:49:03.584]
WOW, WE NEVER THOUGHT OF THAT.
[00:49:06.754]
FOR EXAMPLE, DANIEL DRAWBAUGH SAID
THAT HE'D INVENTED THE TELEPHONE.
[00:49:10.734]
DIDN'T HAVE A SINGLE PAPER
OR RECORD TO PROVE IT.
[00:49:13.254]
I THOUGH ALEXANDER GRAHAM
BELL INVENTED THE TELEPHONE.
[00:49:15.914]
THAT'S WHAT THE SUPREME
COURT DECIDED.
[00:49:17.844]
THEY REJECTED DRAWBAUGH'S CLAIM
'CAUSE HE HAD NO JOURNAL OR RECORD.
[00:49:21.384]
ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
HAD EXCELLENT RECORDS
[00:49:23.334]
AND WAS THEREFORE AWARDED
THE PATENT FOR THE TELEPHONE.
[00:49:25.754]
WE DON'T WANT THAT TO HAPPEN TO US.
[00:49:27.904]
I THINK WE NEED TO LEARN
SOMETHING ABOUT PATENTS AND HOW
[00:49:30.524]
TO PROTECT OUR INVENTION.
[00:49:32.164]
U.S. PATENT OFFICE IS A
GREAT SOURCE OF INFORMATION.
[00:49:35.094]
THERE'S A LOT OF INFORMATION
ON THIS PATENT OFFICE WEBSITE.
[00:49:38.334]
I THINK WE NEED TO TALK
TO SOMEONE ABOUT THIS.
[00:49:41.214]
WELL, LET'S GET UP AND
GO TO THE PATENT OFFICE.
[00:49:43.794]
BYE, DR. "D."
[00:49:44.834]
BYE.
[00:49:44.904]
HI.
[00:49:46.104]
I'M MS. NYBLOD.
[00:49:48.724]
WELCOME TO THE PATENT
AND TRADEMARK MUSEUM.
[00:49:51.504]
HI.
[00:49:52.034]
I'M BI